群集理论在酒店应急疏散中的应用.docx

第2卷第5期中国安全生产科学技术Vol.2No.5

2006年10月JournalofSafetyScienceandTechnologyOct.2006

文章编号:1673-193X(2006)-05-0045-05

群集理论在酒店应急疏散中的应用

林亮,沈斐敏

i(福州大学环境与资源学院,福州350002)

i

摘要:为了避免和减少火灾事故中人员密集的酒店内人员的伤亡,本文以福州某酒店为例,

摘要:

其现有的安全疏散设施建立安全疏散的数学模型,并制定火灾事故初期和非火灾事故初期两套人

员疏散方案,应用群集理论对疏散时间进行计算。该疏散时间的计算结果可为星级酒店制定灾害

事故初期人员安全、高效、有序的应急疏散预案提供科学依据。

关键词:群集理论;酒店;灾害事故

关键词:

中图分类号:X92文献标识码:A

Crowdtheoryapplyinginhotels’emergencyevacuationplan

LINLiang,SHENFei-min

(CollegeofEnvironmentandResource,FuzhouUniversity,Fuzhou350002,China)

Abstract:Afterthe“9·11”attackinAmerica,moreandmorepeoplepayattentiontohumanevacuationwhenemergencyaccidenthappens.Hotelisaplacewheremanypeopleandvastfortunescrowd,sopeoplealsogetmoreattentiontoitsqualitiesofsafetyandhumanevacuationsystem.Forthesakeofavoidingandreducingthedegreeofpersons’casualtieswhichismadebydisaster,especiallyfiredisaster,itisnecessarytomakeanemergencyplanofsafetyevacuation.Thispaperexplainsthenecessitytoapplythecrowdtheoryanddescribesthecrowdtheorysimplyatfirst.TakingahotelinFuzhouasanexample,thispaperfixesthecontentoftheevacuationplanaccordingtotheactualsituationsofthehotel,includingpeople,exits,ways,areadividing,timeoftheevacuation.Italsorivisesandexplainstheparametersinthecrowdtheoryatthesametime.Thispapersetsupamathematicalmodelunderpresentevacuationfacilitiesofthehotelandestablishestwohumanevacuationplansatthebeginningoffiredisasterandnon-firedisaster,thenappliescrowdtheorytocalculateevacuationtime.Thecalculatedresultprovidesscientificba