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Chapter25Hepatitisviruses
EBvirusCMVRubellavirusyellowfevervirushepatitisviruses
TypeofHepatitisVirusesitemHAVHBVHCVHDVHEVClassificationPicorna-viridaeHepadna-viridaeFlavi-viridaeDefectivevirusHepeviridaeDiameter(nm)274255-653632Nucleicacid+ssRNADsDNA+ssRNA-ssRNA+ssRNA
Sourceofvirusfecesblood/blood-derivedbodyfluidsblood/blood-derivedbodyfluidsblood/blood-derivedbodyfluidsfecesRouteoftransmissionfecal-oralBloodtransfusion,VerticalBloodtransfusion,Verticalfecal-oralChronicInfectionCarcinomaNoNoYesYesYesYesYes------NoNoPreventioninactivatedvaccineAttenuatedlivingvaccinesubunitvaccineblooddonorscreening;riskbehaviormodificationAbriskbehaviormodificationensuresafedrinkingwaterTypeofHepatitisVirusesABCDEBloodtransfusion,Vertical
Section1HepatitisAvirus(HAV)
HAV:APicornavirus,nowclassifiedasaHeptoVirus,FormerlyknownasEnteroVirus72.
I.BIOLOGICALPROPERTIESShape:sphericalSize:27~32nmSymmetry:icosahedralNon-enveloped+ssRNA,7500bpOneserotype
HepatitisAVirus
Chimpanzeeandmarmosetaresusceptible.Culture:Difficult,noCPE,growslowly. Stable:resistanceto60℃4h,pH=3.inactivatedat100℃5min.
Sourceofinfection:Patients,subclinicalinfectedPersons.Transmission:fecal-oralroute.(fromfecallycontaminatedwaterorfood).Childrenarethemostfrequentlyinfectedgroup.Pathogenicmechanism:HAVMouthIntestineBloodLiverPathogenesis
DiagrammaticRepresentation
CLINICALFEATURESIncubationPeriod:Average30daysRange15-50daysJaundicebyagegroup:6yrs10%6-14yrs40%-50%14yrs70%-80%Outcome:FulminanthepatitisAcutehepatitisChronicsequel:None
SHANGHAI1988Over300,000peoplewereinfectedwiththevirusresultedfromeatingclamsobtainedfromapollutedwater
MICROBIALDETECTIONDetectanti-HAVIg:Acuteinfectionisdiagnosedb
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