内容computer networks-slide 04计算机网络.pptx

内容computer networks-slide 04计算机网络.pptx

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TheMediaAccessControlSublayer

ContentsTheChannelAllocationProblemHowtogetstousethechannelinanybroadcastnetworkBroadcastchannels,referredtoasmultiaccesschannelsorrandomaccesschannelsMultipleAccessProtocolsTheprotocolsusedtodeterminewhogoesnextonamultiaccesschannelbelongtoasublayerofthedatalinklayercalledtheMAC(MediumAccessControl)sublayer.Technically,theMACsublayeristhebottompartofthedatalinklayerEthernetDataLinkLayerSwitching

TheChannelAllocationProblemStaticChannelAllocationinLANsandMANsFDM,TDMDynamicChannelAllocationinLANsandMANsStationModelSingleChannelAssumptionCollisionAssumption.Frametransmissiontime:ContinuousTime,SlottedTime.CarrierSense,NoCarrierSense.

MultipleAccessProtocolsALOHA:PureALOHAletuserstransmitwhenevertheyhavedatatobesent,duetothefeedbackpropertyofbroadcasting,asendercanalwaysfindoutwhetheritsframewasdestroyedbylisteningtothechannelIftheframewasdestroyed,thesenderjustwaitsarandomamountoftimeandsendsitagainSlottedALOHA:dividetimeintodiscreteintervals,eachintervalcorrespondingtooneframe

PureALOHAInpureALOHA,framesaretransmittedatcompletelyarbitrarytimes.

PureALOHA(2)Vulnerableperiodfortheshadedframe.

MultipleAccessProtocolsCarrierSenseMultipleAccessProtocols(CSMA)Protocolsinwhichstationslistenforacarrier(i.e.,atransmission)andactaccordinglyarecalledcarriersenseprotocols.1-persistentCSMA:Ifthechannelisbusy,thestationwaitsuntilitesidle.Theprotocoliscalled1-persistentbecausethestationtransmitswithaprobabilityof1whenitfindsthechannelidle.Ifthefirststationssignalhasnotyetreachedthesecondone,thelatterwillsenseanidlechannelandwillalsobeginsending,resultinginacollision.nonpersistentCSMA:ifthechannelisalreadyinuse,thestationdoesnotcontinuallysenseitforthepurposeo

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