机械制造技术课程设计-轴加工工艺及车外圆夹具设计.doc

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摘要

轴零件的主要作用是支撑回转零件、实现回转运动并传递转矩和动力。轴具备传动效率高、结构紧凑和使用寿命长等一系列优点，是通用机械特别是工程机械传动中的重要零件之一。轴加工材料、热处理方式、机械加工工艺过程的优化，将对提高轴的加工质量及寿命有着重要借鉴意义。本文对某企业提供的“轴”零件进行了机械制造工艺规程设计和铣键槽专用夹具设计。对于工艺规程设计和夹具设计制订了两套不同的方案，从中甄选出最佳方案。本设计首先分析了轴零件的作用和加工工艺性，然后进行工艺规程设计，最后是铣键槽专用夹具设计。轴零件的机械综合性能要求较高，一般选择锻件作为毛坯。合理安排工艺路线，划分加工阶段对保证零件加工质量至关重要。使用夹具可以缩短辅助时间，提高劳动生产率，保证加工精度，稳定加工质量，降低对工人的技术要求，扩大机床工艺范围。本文对所设计的专用夹具进行了精度校核和定位误差分析，对夹具的设计质量也进行了评估。

关键词：轴；工艺分析；工艺规程设计；夹具设计

Abstract

Themaineffectofshaftpartsistosupporttherotatingparts,rotarymotionandtorqueandpower.Shaftwithhightransmissionefficiency,compactstructureandlongservicelifeandaseriesofadvantages,istheuniversalmachineisoneofthemostimportantpartsinthetransmissionofEngineeringmachinery.Shaftprocessingmaterials,heattreatment,machiningprocessoptimization,toimprovethemachiningqualityandthelifeofshafthassignificance.Inanenterprisetoprovideaxispartsofthemachinerymanufacturingprocessplanningandkeywaymillingfixturedesign.Fortheprocessdesignandfixturedesignfortwodifferentsetsofprograms,selectthebestsolutionfromzhen.Firstlythispaperanalyzestheroleandprocessofshaftparts,thenorderforthedesignprocess,thefinaldesignofspecialfixturekeywaymilling.Comprehensivemechanicalperformancerequirementsofhighshaftparts,generallyasblankforgings.Reasonableprocessroutearrangement,divisionstageofprocessingisveryimportanttoensurethemachiningqualityofparts.Theuseoffixturecanreducetheauxiliarytime,improvelaborproductivity,guaranteetheprocessingprecision,stableprocessingquality,reducethetechnicalrequirementsforworkers,machinetechnologytoexpandthescopeof.Inthispaper,theprecisionofcalibrationandpositioningerrorofthespecialfixturedesignanalysis,designqualityofthefixturewerealsoevaluated.

Keywords:axis;processanalysis;processdesign;fixturedesign

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