说明电路1notes 8整流器.pptx

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2024-08-26 发布于北京
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说明电路1notes 8整流器.pptx

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RectifierCircuits(1)RectifiercircuitsconvertACtoDCUsedacrossapowerrangefromfractionsofawatttoGWPrinciplesarethesameacrossthispowerrangeAnyPSUthatisfedfromanACsupplyhasarectifierasitsfirststageWewilllookatthesimplestcircuits–asusedinelectronicpowersupplies

Thereare3mainclassesofrectifiersUncontrolledrectifiers(useDiodes)Controlledrectifiers(useThyristors)ActiveRectifiers(usecontrolledswitchesanddiodes)Wewilllookat1)onlyinthismoduleDespitetheirwidespreaduseandapparentsimplicity–theyareoftenpoorlyunderstoodFor2)and3)see3rdand4thyearcoursesRectifierCircuits(1)

RectifierCircuits(2)Theoutputofabasicrectifiercircuitisnotnormally“smooth”enoughtobeuseddirectlyNormallysomesortofsmoothingcircuitmustbeapplied3approachesInductiveSmoothing–attempttomaketheoutputcurrentoftherectifiersmoothCapacitiveSmoothing–attempttomaketheoutputvoltageoftherectifiersmoothSometimesacombinationoftheseisused

CapacitivesmoothingismostcommoninsmallpowersuppliesforelectronicequipmentThewayinwhichtherectifierworksdependsonwhetherthecurrentdrawnfromtherectifierisCONTINUOUSorDISCONTINUOUSNormallycapacitivesmoothingisDISCONTINUOUSNormallyinductivesmoothingisCONTINUOUSRectifierCircuits(2)

RectifierCircuits(3)Wewillassumeaverysimplediodemodeltounderstandrectifiercircuitoperation

Single-Phasediodebridgerectifier(1)Initiallylookatidealoperationwithzerosupplyimpedanceandacontinuoussmoothcurrentattheoutputi.e.weareassuminginductivesmoothingwithaverybiginductorOperationissimple(seewaveforms)WhenVABispositive,D1andD2areforwardbiassedandconductWhenVABisnegative,D3andD4areforwardbiassedandconduct

Single-Phasediodebridgerectifier(2)Re-drawtomakeoperationmoreobvious

Single-Phasediodebridgerectifier(3)Waveforms

Single-Phasediodebridgerect