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第一篇
Diabetesmellitustype2
FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia
Diabetesmellitustype2
Classificationandexternalresources
Universalbluecirclesymbolfordiabetes.[1]
ICD-10
E11
ICD-9
250.00,?250.02
OMIM
125853
DiseasesDB
3661
MedlinePlus
000313
eMedicine
article/117853
MeSH
D003924
Diabetesmellitustype?2?(formerly?noninsulin-dependentdiabetesmellitus(NIDDM)?or?adult-onsetdiabetes)isa?metabolicdisorderthatischaracterizedbyhigh?bloodglucose?inthecontextof?insulinresistance?andrelative?insulin?deficiency.[2]?Thisisincontrasttodiabetesmellitustype?1,inwhichthereisanabsoluteinsulindeficiencyduetodestructionof?isletcells?inthe?pancreas.[3]?Theclassicsymptomsare?excessthirst,?frequenturination,and?constanthunger.Type?2diabetesmakesupabout90%ofcasesof?diabetes?withtheother10%dueprimarilyto?diabetesmellitustype1?and?gestationaldiabetes.?Obesity?isthoughttobetheprimarycauseoftype?2diabetesinpeoplewhoaregeneticallypredisposedtothedisease.
Type?2diabetesisinitiallymanagedbyincreasing?exercise?and?dietarymodification.Ifbloodglucoselevelsarenotadequatelyloweredbythesemeasures,medicationssuchas?metformin?or?insulin?maybeneeded.Inthoseoninsulin,thereistypicallytherequirementtoroutinelycheck?bloodsugar?levels.
Ratesoftype?2diabeteshaveincreasedmarkedlyoverthelast50yearsinparallelwithobesity:Asof2010thereareapproximately285?millionpeoplewiththediseasecomparedtoaround30?millionin1985.[4][5]Long-termcomplicationsfromhighbloodsugarcaninclude?heartdisease,strokes,?diabeticretinopathy?whereeyesightisaffected,?kidneyfailurewhichmayrequire?dialysis,andpoorcirculationoflimbsleadingtoamputations.Theacutecomplicationof?ketoacidosis,afeatureof?type?1diabetes,isuncommon.[6]?However,?nonketotichyperosmolarcoma?mayoccur.
Contents
??[hide]?
1?Signsandsymptoms
1.1?Complications
2?Caus
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