cGAS-STING介导的DNA和RNA病毒感染中的传感途径：与其他传感途径的串扰.pdfVIP

ArchivesofVirology(2021)166:3255–3268

/10.1007/s00705-021-05211-x

REVIEW

cGAS–STING‑mediatedsensingpathwaysin

DNAand

RNAvirus

infections:crosstalkwith

othersensingpathways

1111

Saleem

Anwar

·Khursheed

Ul

Islam

·Md

Iqbal

Azmi

·Jawed

Iqbal

Received:21April2020/Accepted:4July2021/Publishedonline:7October2021

©TheAuthor(s),underexclusivelicencetoSpringer-VerlagGmbHAustria,partofSpringerNature2021

Abstract

Virusescauseavarietyofdiseasesinhumansandotherorganisms.Themostimportantdefensemechanismagainstviral

infectionsisinitiatedwhentheviralgenomeissensedbyhostproteins,andthisresultsininterferonproductionandpro-

infammatorycytokineresponses.Thesensingoftheviralgenomeoritsreplicationintermediateswithinhostcellsismedi-

atedbycytosolicproteins.Forexample,cGASandIFI16recognizenon-selfDNA,andRIG-IandMDA5recognizenon-self

RNA.Oncethesesensorsareactivated,theytriggeracascadeofreactionsactivatingdownstreammolecules,whicheventually

resultsinthetranscriptionalactivationoftypeIandIIIinterferons,whichplayacriticalroleinsuppressingviralpropagation,

eitherbydirectlylimitingtheirreplicationorbyinducinghostcellstoinhibitviralproteinsynthesis.Theimmuneresponse

againstvirusesreliessolelyuponsensingofviralgenomesandtheirdownstreamsignalingmolecules.AlthoughDNAand

RNAvirusesaresensedbydistinctclassesofreceptorproteins,thereisapossibilityofoverlapbetweentheviralDNAand

viralRNAsensingmechanisms.Inthisreview,wefocusonvarioushostsensingmoleculesanddiscusstheassociatedsign-

alingpathwaysthatareactivatedinresponsetodiferentviralinfections.Wefurtherhighlightthepossibilityofcrosstalk

betweenthecGAS-STINGandtheRIG-I-MAVSpathwaystolimitviralinfections.