词法翻译学生版.pdf

第二章词法翻译

Awordmayhavedifferentmeaningsindifferentcontents.

Themeaningofawordisdeterminedbyitscontents.

词法翻译即根据“表达通顺”的需要在词类层次进行的各种处理，包括词性（类）转换、

增词或减词、重复或省略、正译或反译、抽象化和具体化等等方法，以达到“表达通顺”之

目的，此类方法，大多属于“此路不通，另辟蹊径”。

第一节词类转译

词类转译又叫词性转换。翻译过程中，为了句子通顺的需要，有时需改变原文的词性，

不必也不可拘泥于原文的词性：即不能追求词性的对等。

一、转译成动词：

1.VietnameseWarisadrainonAmericanresources.

2.Thegovernmentcalledfortheestablishmentofmoretechnicalschools.

3.Iamsogratefultomyfatherforhiscontinuousencouragementduringmychildhood.

4.Millionsofthepeopleinthemountainousareasarefinallyoffpoverty.

5.Itwasaveryinformativemeeting.

6.Thispupilisagoodwriter.

7.Iamnodrinker,norsmoker.

8.IamafraidIcan’tteachyouswimming.IthinkmylittlebrotherisabetterteacherthanI.

9.Rocketshavefoundtheirapplicationfortheexplorationoftheuniverse.

10.Arroganceandcomplacencyturnedouttobehisruin.

11.Theapplicationofelectroniccomputersmakesforatremendousriseinlaborproductivity.

12.Oursisapolicyforpeace.

13.ThoseMexicansweregreatworkmen.(jinghao:P.107)

14.TheBenchwasnothingtomebutaninsensibleblunderer.

15.Heisnotanoriginator,butmerelyacalculator.

二、转译成名词：

1.Formalityhasalwayscharacterizedtheirrelationship.

2.Tothem,hepersonifiedtheabsolutepower.

3.ItwasofficiallyannouncedthatParisisinvitedtotheconference.

4.Thisinstrumentischieflycharacterizedbyitssimplicityofstructure.

5.Glassismoretransparentthanplasticcloth.

6.Thisproblemisnomoreimportantthanthatone.

7.Awell-dressedman,wholookedandtalkedlikeanAmerican,gotintothecar.

8.Stevensoniseloquentandelegant—butsoft.

9.BecauseofEinstein’stheory,scientistsneverregardedagainregardedtheworldastheyhad

before.