大气雷达mamoru yamamoto rish京都学校csmst基础知识.pptx

AtmosphericRadarBasicMamoruYamamoto(RISH,KyotoUniversity)RadarSchoolinChina

2014/8/25

Textbookforatmospheric(MST/ST)radarandmeteorologicalradar(NOTE:NoMFradar,meteorradar

orISradar)DOI10.1007/978-4-431-54334-3PrintISBN:978-4-431-54333-6OnlineISBN:978-4-431-54334-3Publisher:SpringerJapanPages:537

ContentsOutlineIntroductionMUradarScatteringsourcesRadarprincipleSomebasicequationsFunctionofatmosphericradarQuadraturedemodulationatreceiverRangingschemeandproblemsDiscussiononobservationparametersSampleechoanddiscussion

Tropopause10StructureoftheEarth’satmosphereThermosphere

(ionosphere)

above90kmMesosphere

50–90kmStratosphere

12–50kmTroposphere

0–12kmTemperatureHeightUpper

atmosphereMiddle

atmosphereLower

atmosphere

Wavelength(m)Frequency(Hz)MUradarBothare“electromagneticwave”.WavelengthandfrequencyWavelengthXFrequency=CsCs:Speedoflight=300,000km/sExamplesVelocityofspacedrafttoescapefromgravitationforceoftheEarth=11.2km/sTraveltimeofbetweentheearthsurfaceandthegeostationarysatelliteorbit(36000kmalt.)=0.24s1microsecond(1/1000000s)correspondsto300mpropagationTVorFMradiowaveisabout100MHz(frequency)and3m(wavelength)SunlightVisiblelightRadiowaveandlight

MUradar(Shigaraki,Koka,Shiga,Japan)Collaborativeresearchfacilitysinceitscompetionin1984Frequency:46.5MHzOutputpower:1MWAntenna:103mΦ(475crossedYagis)Observationrange:2-1000km

MUradarblockdiagramAntennaareaInhouse

MUradarantennasandmodulesFrequency:46.5MHzOutputpower:1MWAntenna:103mΦ(475crossedYagis)Observationrange:2-1000km

MUradarbeamforming/steeringElectroniccontrolofphasedifferencebetweenYagiantennasformsandsteersthebeamofthewholearray-antenna.WorkassameasgiganticparabolicantennaElectronicallywecansteerantennabeam.ビーム方向ビーム方向

MUradarantennapattern

MUradarvideo(～2min)

Refractionandreflectio