- 1、本文档共56页,可阅读全部内容。
- 2、原创力文档(book118)网站文档一经付费(服务费),不意味着购买了该文档的版权,仅供个人/单位学习、研究之用,不得用于商业用途,未经授权,严禁复制、发行、汇编、翻译或者网络传播等,侵权必究。
- 3、本站所有内容均由合作方或网友上传,本站不对文档的完整性、权威性及其观点立场正确性做任何保证或承诺!文档内容仅供研究参考,付费前请自行鉴别。如您付费,意味着您自己接受本站规则且自行承担风险,本站不退款、不进行额外附加服务;查看《如何避免下载的几个坑》。如果您已付费下载过本站文档,您可以点击 这里二次下载。
- 4、如文档侵犯商业秘密、侵犯著作权、侵犯人身权等,请点击“版权申诉”(推荐),也可以打举报电话:400-050-0827(电话支持时间:9:00-18:30)。
PAGE
PAGE1
tpo40三篇托福阅读TOEFL原文译文题目答案译文背景知识
TOC\o1-2\h\u5174阅读-1 2
4236原文 2
20437译文 5
14155题目 8
2666答案 17
18490背景知识 17
11826阅读-2 20
3899原文 20
8128译文 23
19972题目 25
29614答案 35
16766背景知识 35
27415阅读-3 38
1762原文 38
13486译文 41
1777题目 44
8102答案 53
32699背景知识 54
阅读-1
原文
AncientAthens
①OneofthemostimportantchangesinGreeceduringtheperiodfrom800B.C.to500B.C.wastheriseofthepolis,orcity-state,andeachpolisdevelopedasystemofgovernmentthatwasappropriatetoitscircumstances.TheproblemsthatwerefacedandsolvedinAthenswerethesharingofpoliticalpowerbetweentheestablishedaristocracyandtheemergingotherclasses,andtheadjustmentofaristocraticwaysoflifetothewaysoflifeofthenewpolis.ItwastheharmoniousblendingofalloftheseelementsthatwastoproducetheclassicalcultureofAthens.
②Enteringthepolisage,AthenshadthetraditionalinstitutionsofotherGreekprotodemocraticstates:anassemblyofadultmales,anaristocraticcouncil,andannuallyelectedofficials.WithinthistraditionalframeworktheAthenians,between600B.C.and450B.C.,evolvedwhatGreeksregardedasafullyfledgeddemocraticconstitution,thoughtherighttovotewasgiventofewergroupsofpeoplethanisseeninmoderntimes.
③ThefirststepstowardchangeweretakenbySolonin594B.C.,whenhebrokethearistocracysstrangleholdonelectedofficesbyestablishingwealthratherthanbirthasthebasisofofficeholding,abolishingtheeconomicobligationsofordinaryAthenianstothearistocracy,andallowingtheassembly(ofwhichallcitizenswereequalmembers)tooverrulethedecisionsoflocalcourtsincertaincases.ThestrengthoftheAthenianaristocracywasfurtherweakenedduringtherestofthecenturybytheriseofatypeofgovernmentknownasatyranny,whichisaformofinterimrulebyapopularstrongman(notrulebyaruthlessdictatorasthemo
您可能关注的文档
- tpo28三篇托福阅读TOEFL原文译文题目答案译文背景知识.docx
- tpo29三篇托福阅读TOEFL原文译文题目答案译文背景知识.docx
- tpo30三篇托福阅读TOEFL原文译文题目答案译文背景知识.docx
- tpo32三篇托福阅读TOEFL原文译文题目答案译文背景知识.docx
- tpo34三篇托福阅读TOEFL原文译文题目答案译文背景知识.docx
- tpo35三篇托福阅读TOEFL原文译文题目答案译文背景知识.docx
- tpo36三篇托福阅读TOEFL原文译文题目答案译文背景知识.docx
- tpo37三篇托福阅读TOEFL原文译文题目答案译文背景知识.docx
- tpo38三篇托福阅读TOEFL原文译文题目答案译文背景知识.docx
- tpo39三篇托福阅读TOEFL原文译文题目答案译文背景知识.docx
文档评论(0)