托福听力tpo62 lecture1、2、3 原文+题目+答案+译文.pdf

托福听力tpo62lecture1、2、3原文+题目+答案+译文

Lecture11

原文1

题目3

答案5

译文6

Lecture27

原文7

题目10

答案12

译文12

Lecture314

原文14

题目16

答案18

译文18

Lecture1

原文

Listentopartofalectureinanarchitecturalhistoryclass.

Professor:Nowwe’vetalkedabouthowsocialconcernsinformthedesignsofsome

architectsintheUnitedStatesinthe19thcentury.Anditholdstruenotonlyfor

buildingarchitectsbutalsoforlandscapearchitects.Thewaywedesignour

landscapesishugelyimportantto,forhowwelive,easilyasimportantasthe

buildingswelivein.Andthesesocialconcernswereespeciallyapparentinthework

ofahugefigureinthehistoryoflandscapearchitecture:FrederickLawOlmsted.

Olmstedisparticularlyassociatedwiththebuildingofpublicparksinthemid-1800s.

Atthattime,withindustrialization,theUnitedStateswasmovingfromarural,

agriculturalwayoflifetoanurbanone.Manypeopleweremovingfromfarmsto

cities,andcitiesthemselvesweregrowingfast.Andthatwascreatingconcernand

anxietyaboutpeoplelosingtouchwithnature.

Now,basedonyourreading,howdidthissituationrelatetoOlmsted?Ken.

MaleStudent:Well,hesawthatascitiesgrewtoaccommodatethelarger

populations,alotofopenspacewouldbeusedupforbuildingsandinfrastructure.I

guesshethoughtthateventuallytheremightnotbeanyopenspaceleft,green

space.

Professor:Andotherssharedthisconcernaswell,peoplewithsomepower.

MaleStudent:Right.SoinNewYorkCity,theydecidedtobuildthishugepark,

CentralPark.Andtheyhiredhimtodesignit.

Professor:Right.OlmstedtogetherwithCalbertVaux.Andhe,whatOlmstedwanted

todothroughthisparkandotherswastopreservepeople’sconnectionswiththe

naturalworld.CentralParkishisbest-knownprojectanditreallylaunchedhiscareer.

Thereweresomanydetailsthatmade