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膈肌脚及膈脚后间隙(english)
Theretrocruralspace(RCS)isasmalltriangularregionwithinthemostinferiorposteriormediastinumborderedbythetwodiaphragmaticcrura.MultiplanarimagingmodalitiesallowevaluationoftheRCSaspartofroutineexaminations.Normalstructureswithintheretrocruralregionincludetheaorta,nerves,theazygosandhemiazygosveins,thecisternachyliwiththethoracicduct,fat,andlymphnodes.
AnatomicConsiderationsDiaphragmandDiaphragmaticCruraLymphNodes,CisternaChyli,andThoracicDuct52%atlymphangiography;1.7%atCT;15%–96%atMRAortaAzygosandHemiazygosVeinsParavertebralVenousPlexusvalvelessSympatheticTrunkandSplanchnicNerves
CisternaChyliThoracicDuct
ParavertebralVenousPlexus
CongenitaldiaphragmaticherniaBochdalekhernia(95%)Morgagnishernia(2%)PartialduplicationofthediaphragmDiscontinuityofthediaphragmCongenitalAnomaliesoftheIVCAnatomicVariantsandAnomalies
AbnormalitiesoftheCrura
LymphadenopathyNeoplasmsForegutMalformationsVascularDisordersInfammatoryConditionsInfectionsOtherAbnormalitiesAbnormalitiesoftheRCS
Lymphadenopathy(6mm)
NeoplasmsThesecanbecategorizedaccordingtotheircelloforiginintoneurogenic,mesenchymal,germcell,andlymphoidtumors.Neurogenictumorsganglioncelltumorsnervesheathtumorsparaganglia
VascularDisorders
InfammatoryConditionsRetroperitonealfbrosisSteroid-inducedretrocrurallipomatosisSpondylosisdeformansPancreaticpseudocysts
InfectionsDiabetes,immunosuppression,intravenousdrugabuse,anemia,andurinarytractinfections
ConclusionsDespitethesmallareathatencompassestheRCS,thereisawidevarietyofpathologicconditionswithinthisregion,whichislocatedattheposteriorconfnesoftheinferiorthoraxandupperabdomen.Anunderstandingoftheanatomy,thenormalvariants,andthemultiplepathologicconditionsaffectingthediaphragmaticcruraandretrocruralstructuresfacilitatesthediagnosis
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