初中英语语法——主谓一致.pptx

初中英语语法——主谓一致讲解人：韩旭

一、语法一致原那么二、意义一致原那么三、就近一致原那么

一、语法一致原那么〔1〕主语为单数时，谓语用单数；主语为复数时，谓语用复数。Hegoestoschoolearlyeverymorning.Thechildrenareplayingoutside.

〔2〕动词不定式或动词ing形式做主语时，谓语动词用单数。假设两个或两个以上非谓语动词并列做主语，分指两个或两个以上动作时，谓语动词用复数形式。Tosee________〔is/are〕tobelieve.Doingeyeexercises________〔is/are〕goodforyoureyes.Lyingandstealing〔is/are〕immoral.

〔3〕由and或both连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。BothheandIareright.但并列主语如果指的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数。a/the+单数名词+and+单数名词，指的是同一个人或物；a/the+单数名词+and+a/the+单数名词，指两个人或物。Thewriterandteacher________〔is/are〕coming.Thewriterandtheteacher________〔is/are〕coming.Aknifeandfork________〔is/are〕onthetable.

〔4〕由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each,every修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。Inourcountryeveryboyandeverygirl〔has/have〕therighttoreceiveeducation.Eachmanandeachwoman〔is/are〕askedtohelp.

〔5〕主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有but,except,besides,with等介词短语，谓语动词仍用单数。Theteacherwithhisstudents(is/are)goingtovisitthemuseum.Nobodybuttwoboys(is/are)lateforclass.

〔6〕each,either,neither,another,theother，some,any,no,every作主语或构成的复合代词作主语，谓语动词用单数。Eachofthem(has/have)anEnglishdictionary.Neitheransweriscorrect.Iseverybodyready?Somebodyisusingthephone.

〔7〕有两局部构成的物体的名词，如glasses,shoes,trousers,chopsticks,scissors等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。Wheremyshoes?Yourtrousersdirty.如果这类名词前用了apairof等，那么往往用作单数，谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair的单复数形式。Here(is/are)somenewpairsofshoes.Mynewpairofsocks(is/are)onthebed.

〔8〕不定代词somebody,someone,something,anybody,anything,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,noone,nothing作主语，谓语动词用单数。Something(is/are)wrongwiththebike.Nobody〔was/were〕in.(Is/Are)everyoneheretoday?

二、意义一致的原那么〔1〕指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义，这是谓语动词用单数形式。Myfamilyarehavinglunchnow.Twentydoll