国际商法 贸易壁垒 trade barrier 案例.pptVIP

Whydothegovernmentssetbarriersfortheinternationaltrade?;Whatistariffbarriers?

所谓关税壁垒，是指进出口商品经过一国关境时，由政府所设置海关向进出口商征收关税所形成的一种贸易障碍。按征收关税的目的来划分，关税有两种：一是财政关税，其主要目的是为了增加国家财政收入；二是保护关税，其主要目的是为保护本国经济开展而对外国商品的进口征收高额关税。;Reasons

1.Forcollectionofrevenue

2.Regulationofimportcompetition

3.Retaliationagainstforeigngovernmenttradebarriers

4.Implementationofforeignpolicy

;5.Implementationofnationaleconomicpolicies

6.Protectionofthenationaldefense

7.Protectionofnaturalresourcesoftheenvironment

8.protectionofpublichealth,safetyandmorals,andplantandanimallife

;1.Retaliationagainstforeigngovernment

tradebarriers

;Case1.中美轮胎特保案;;;RetaliationagainstAmericanTradeBarriers;

;1.Retaliationagainstforeigngovernment

tradebarriers

;?

Thetechnicalbarrierstotrade—teatradebetweenJapanandChina

;Theteaindustryisatraditionalpillar(产业)industryforChina’seconomy.Ithasdevelopedrapidlyandhasgainedsignificantachievementswithreformandopening-uptotheinternationalmarket.Knownas“greentradebarriers〞,newnon-tariffbarrierstotrade(NTBs),suchastechnicaltradebarriersandenvironmentaltradebarriers,havetakentheplaceoftraditionaltradebarriers.Asamaintypeoftechnicalbarriertotrade,pesticideMRL(最大残留限量〕standardshavesevereimpactonforeigntradeofourChinasteaproducts.;Chinaisalargestteaexportingcountry,Japanisatraditionalmarketforteaselling.Whetherthismarketisoperatingwellhasalottodowiththedevelopmentandstabilityoftheoolong〔乌龙〕teaindustry.In2021,thetotaltradevolumebetweenJapanandChinais2.1milliontons,withtotalvalueof560milliondollars,decreasingby16.5%and13.9%comparedwiththesameperiodofthepreviousyear.Japanhassetaseriesofregulationsonoolongteaandgreenteaproducts,whichlaidagreatriskonChineseteaproducers.;;conclus