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Chapter5DynamicsofParticle
MainContents§5.1Newton’sLawsofMotion§5.2DifferentialEquationsofmotionofaParticle§5.3Thetwotypesofbasicproblemsofparticlekinetics
KineticsofaParticleInstatics,westudytheforceactingonabody,andstudytheproblemsofequilibriumofbodiesthatareactedonforces,butdon’tstudythemotionofabodyactedonunbalancedforces;Inkinematics,weonlystudythemotionofabodyfromthegeometricalaspects,anddonotaccountfortherelationsbetweenkinematicsofaparticleandtheforcethatactsontheparticle;Inkinetics,wewilldeterminetherelationsbetweenkinematicsofaparticleandtheforcethatactsontheparticle.Comparedwiththestaticsandkinematics,kineticsisthestudyofthemoregeneralruleofthemechanicalmotionofamaterialbody.Inkinetics,weusuallyusetwomodelsofmechanics:particleandparticles.
Whentheshapeandsizeofabodyisnotsignificant;arigidbodywithtranslationalmotionmaybedefinedasaparticle,theparticleconcentrateallmassoftherigidbody,andlieinthecenterofmassoftherigidbody;Sometimes,thebodymaybemodeledasaparticle,andtherotationalmotionofthebodycanbeignored;Aparticle:aparticlehasamassbutnegligiblesizeandshape.Specifically,atwhatpointcanabodybeabstractedandsimplifiedasaparticle?Forexample,instudyingthemotionoftheeartharoundthesun,itispermissibletoconsidertheearthasaparticle.KineticsofaParticle
Asystemofparticles:asystemcomposedoffiniteorinfiniteparticlescontactedeachother.Ifabodycannotbestudiedasaparticle,itmustbeaccountedasasystemofparticles.Theconceptofasystemofparticlesisveryuniversal,itincludesarigidbody,adeformablebody,andasystemcomposedofmanyparticlesandbodies.KineticsofaParticle
Kineticscanbedividedintotwoparts:kineticsofaparticleandkineticsofasystemo
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