超声颈部血管解剖及常见病诊断标准.ppt

超声颈部血管解剖及常见病诊断标准.ppt

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*Thesecondgreatvesseloriginatingfromtheaorticarchistheleftcommoncarotidartery.?Thisistheonlyvesselsupplyingthebrainthatoriginatesdirectlyfromthearchitself.?Thediameteroftheproximalleftcommoncarotidarteryis7mm–10mmandliketheinnominate,thediameterusuallycorrelatestopatientsize.?Theleftcommoncarotidarteryhasnobranchesandcontinuesfromthechestintotheneck.?Anyembolienteringtheleftcommoncarotidisdestinedforthecarotidcirculation.That’snottruewiththeothertwogreatvessels.Therefore,asurveyofostialcalcificationandcarefulselectivecatheterizationoftheleftcommoncarotidoriginisessential.**Thethirdandfinalgreatvesseloftheaorticarchistheleftsubclavianartery.?Thediameterissimilartotheothervesselsrangingfrom7mm-10mm.?Theleftsubclavianarterygivesrisetotheleftvertebralarteryandthencontinuesontosupplytheleftupperextremity.Inasmallpercentageofthepopulation,theleftvertebralarteryarisesdirectlyfromtheaorticarch,whichisavariant.?Theleftsubclavianarteryisthegreatvesselwhichmostcommonlydevelopsatherosclerosis.**Thevertebralarteriesarenormallybetween3mmand6mmindiameterandarisefromtherightandleftsubclavianarteries.Thevertebralarteriestravelthroughtheforamina,orholes,inthecervicalvertebralbodies.Therightandleftvertebralarteriesjointogethertoformthebasilarartery,whichdeliversbranchestotheposteriorportionofthebrainandthebrainstem.**ExternalCarotidartery(ECA)-arisesfromCCAbifurcationassmallerofthetwobranchesInternalCarotidartery(ICA)-beginsatthebifurcationoftheCCAattheC3-C4orC4-C5Level*颈动脉狭窄、闭塞测量狭窄近段狭窄段狭窄远段(通常距狭窄3-4cm处最低血流速度为取值结果)的峰值、舒张末期血流速度、计算狭窄段/狭窄近段(或远段)比值第52页,共81页,星期六,2024年,5月颈动脉狭窄、闭塞同侧颈外动脉峰值、舒张末期血流速度与管径的测量鉴别血栓或斑块造成的血管闭塞或狭窄第53页,共81页,星期六,2024年,5月颈动脉狭窄的测量方法:直径测量法(B-A)/BX100%A

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