《大学物理简明教程》 课件 英文 15-1 Electromagnetic Induction.pptx

《大学物理简明教程》 课件 英文 15-1 Electromagnetic Induction.pptx

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ElectromagneticInduction

MagneticfieldinducedbyelectriccurrentDiscoveredbyHansOerstedin1820Electricfield/currentinducedbymagneticfield?MichaelFaraday’sdiscoveryin1831

CurrentinducedbychangingmagneticfieldMichaelFaraday(1791–1867)EnglishScientistThereisatransientcurrentonlywhenthebatteryisconnected,ordisconnectedFaradaysfirstexperimentaldemonstration(August29,1831)

Faraday’sdisk(1831)

movingamagnetinsideandoutsideacoilinducesacurrentonlywhenitismoving!movinginpositivecurrentmovingoutnorthpolefirstnegativecurrentnorthpolefirst

Cuttingflux-motionalE.M.F.SupposenowthatwehaveaconductingrodmovinginamagneticfieldasshownThepositivechargeswillexperienceamagneticforceupwards,whilethenegativechargeswillexperienceamagneticforcedownwardsChargeswillcontinuetomoveuntilthemagneticforceisbalancedbyanopposingelectricforceduetothechargesthathavealreadymoved

Insteadycase,wehaveButwealsohaveElectromotiveforce(e.m.f)–theequivalentforcefieldthatmoveschargeandbuildspotentialdifferenceSotheinducedpotentialdifferenceacrosstheendsoftherod??

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxv?Whatifthemotion,magneticfieldandconductorarenotperpendiculartoeachother?Weonlytaketheperpendicularcomponentsintoaccount?orθ?Whatisthedirectionoftheemf?Thedirectionoftheemfisthedirectionofpotentialincrease–negativechargetopositivecharge

WhatistheemfofFaraday’sdisk?B=0.5T?radiusr=0.1mspeed:2revolutionspersecondr=0.1m?????

InacircuittworailsandtheresistorRarefixedtheconductorbarismovingatthespeedofvthemagneticforceonthemovingbar??Itsdirectionopposesthemotionofthebar!

MagneticFlux

ChangingofmagneticfluxCONCLUSION:toproduceemfoneshouldmakeachangeinthemagneticfluxwithtime!Considertheloopshown:?

Faraday’sLawofInductionTheinducedemfinaclosedloopequalsthenegati

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