美国文学知识点整理.docVIP

ElevenAmericanNobelPrizeWinners

inLiterature

1930:SinclairLewis,刘易斯Babbit《巴比特》获诺贝尔文学奖

1936:EugeneO’Neill,奥尼尔BeyondtheHorizon《天边外》获诺贝尔文学奖

1938:PearlS.Buck,赛珍珠TheGoodEarth《大地》获诺贝尔文学奖

1949:WilliamFaulkner,福克纳AsILayDying《我弥留之际》获诺贝尔文学奖

1954:ErnestHemingway,海明威TheOldManandtheSea

1962:JohnSteinbeck,斯坦贝克OfMiceandMen《人鼠之间》

1976:SaulBellow,索尔·贝娄Herzog《赫索格》获诺贝尔文学奖

1978:IsaacBashevisSinger,辛格TheKingoftheFields《原野王》

1980:CzeslawMilosz,米沃什ABookofLuminousThings:AnInternationalAnthologyofPoetry《拆散的笔记簿》

1987:JosephBrodsky,布罗德斯基FromPetersburgtoStockholm《从彼得堡到斯德哥尔摩》

1993:ToniMorrison,莫里森SongofSolomon《所罗门之歌》

AmericanRomanticism

ItstartedwiththepublicationofWashingtonIrvingsTheSketchBook,andendedwithWhitmansLeavesofGrass.

Majorwritersofthisperiod

Poets:WilliamBryant,HenryLongfellow,EdgarAllanPoe,WaltWhitman,EmilyDickinson

Essayists:RalphWaldoEmerson,HenryDavidThoreau

Fiction:WashingtonIrving--comicfables

JamesFenimoreCooper--frontieradventures

NathanielHawthorne--psychologicalromances

EdgarAllanPoe--Gothictales

Ⅰ.WashingtonIrving(1783-1859)---RepresentativesofAmericanRomanticism

“FatherofAmericanLiterature”

TheSketchBookmarkedthebeginningoftheAmericanRomanticperiod

majorworks:TheSketchBook，RipVanWinkle,LegendofSleepyHollow（Crane）

1.ThefirstAmerican(true)literarywriter

2.ThefirstAmericanmanofletters

3.America’sfirstgenuineinternationallybest-sellingauthor

4.Thefirstbelletrist纯文学作家inAmericanliterature,writingforpleasureatatimewhenwritingwaspracticalandforusefulpurposes

5.thefirstAmericanwritertoearnhislivingsolelybyhispen

6.thefirstAmericanliteraryhumorist

7.thefirstmodernshortstorywriter

8.thefirsttowritehistoryandbiographyasentertainment

9.restoringthewaningGothicromances

10.themessengersentfromthenewworldtotheoldworld

11.