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分词的形式:
(not)doing 现在分词的一般式
(主动、进行)
(not)done过去分词的一般式
(被动、完成)
(not)beingdone
分词的进行被动式(被动、进行)
(not)havingdone
分词的完成式(主动、完成)
$
谓语与分词非谓语转换的一般原则
do/does/didis/aredoingwas/weredoing
---doingis/are/was/weredone
---done
~isbeingdone
~
---beingdone
has/havedone
---havingdone
has/havebeendone
---(havingbeen)done
¥
分词与从句的转换
1 分词作定语,相当于定语从句
The hospital was an old buildingthat/whichwasbuiltin1931.
(--- The hospital was an old buildingbuiltin1931.
(
Do you know the girl who isstandingoverthere
--- Do you know the girl standingoverthere
ThemanwhospoketoustheotherdayhasgonetoLondon.
--- The man speaking to us the other
dayhasgonetoLondon.
@ Hebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeoplewhowereexposedtocholera.
@
---Hebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.
Hefoundthatitcamefromtheriverwhichwaspollutedbythedirtywater.
--- He found that it came from theriverpollutedbythedirtywater.
Heimmediatelytoldthepeoplein
BroadStreetwhowereastonishedtoremovethehandlefromthepump.
¥---HeimmediatelytoldtheastonishedpeopleinBroadStreettoremovethehandlefromthepump.
¥
HefoundsupportingevidencefromtwootherdeathsthatwerelinkedtotheBroadStreetoutbreak.
---HefoundsupportingevidencefromtwootherdeathslinkedtotheBroadStreetoutbreak.
Thebuildingwhichisbeingbuiltisa
newhospital.
--- The building being built is a newhospital.
/
2.分词作状语,相当于状语从句:
While I was waiting for the bus, Icaughtsightofher.
--- (While)waiting forthe bus, Icaughtsightofher.
Ashewaseducatedbytheparty,hebecameagreatfighter.
--- Educated by the party, he
becameagreatfighter.
#
BecauseIhadn’treceivedananswer,Iwrotetohimagain.
---Nothavingreceivedananswer,Iwrotetohimagain.
Ifwehadbeengivenenoughtime,wecouldhavedoneitbetter.
---If(havingbeen)givenenoughtime,wecould
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