高中英语情态动词详细讲解及例句.docx

一、情态动词无人称和数的变化，不能单独做谓语，只能和行为动词或状态动词构成谓语

二、情态动词分为：情态助动词：can(could)、may(might)、must、haveto(hadto)、oughtto、

shall(should)、will(would)12个

半情态助动词：dare、need、usedto、hadbetter、wouldbetter(5个)

三、情态助动词

canandcould

ability：beabletodo/managetodo/succeedindoingsth.eg.Thearmycandefeattheirenemy.

eg.Thearmyisabletodefeattheirenemy.eg.Thearmysucceedindefeatingtheirenemy.

permission:eg.CanIsmokehere?

eg.Youcan’tsmokehere.

possibility:用在否定句、疑问句、感叹句中-eg.Thiscan’tbedonebyhim.

当被用在肯定句中时，表达的是理论上的可能性，不涉及是否真的会发生

eg.evenexpertdrivescanmakemistakes.

要表达现在或者将来的可能性，用may/might或could.eg.ImayleaveforBeijingnextmonth.

但在特殊疑问句中，或与副词hardly、only等连用的陈述句中表达可能性只用can/could

Eg.wherecanthenoisebecomingfrom?

eg.Itcanhardlybethepostman,hecomesonlyinthemorning.

有时会：theroadcanbeblocked.5)could表示轻微的怀疑或委婉的看法

I’msorryIcouldn’tlendyouthebooknow.Hisstorycouldbetrue,butIhardlythinkitis.

could表示委婉的请求，主要用于疑问句，不用于肯定句

Couldyoulendmesomemoney?Yes,Ican/No,Iamafraidnot.

could的常用结构：could+动词+比较级 “非常，再 不过了”

Itcouldn’tbebetter.

Couldn’t+过去分词+比较级“非常，再 不过了”

Theycouldn’thavetriedhardertomakemeeelwelcome.Can’t..too..=cannevertoo“无论怎样...也不为过,越 越好”

Ican’tthankyoutoomuch.Iowemyprogresstoyou.

Can’t(help/choose)butdo/canbut+动词原形“不得不，只好”Wecanbutagreewithhim.

Can’thelpdoing忍不住，不得不

Ican’thelplaughing

Can’tbe(it)控制不住，没有办法

Itcan’tbehelpedCan’t....without没有 就不能

Onecan’tsucceedwithoutperseverance.

mayandmight

permission:MayIuseyourpen?Yes,youmay./No,youmaynot.2)Possibility:用于推测，表示不确定,不用于疑问句中

ShemayknowTom’saddress.

出现I’mafraid.I’mnotsure等表示不确定时，常用may/might.I’mafraidhemightnotcometoattendthemeetingtoday.

从语气上判断，may表示的可能性比might大，might更多的表示怀疑

Hemaybeverybusynow.Hemightbeverybusynow.

用于让步状语从句中

Howeverhardyoumaystudy,youcannotmasterEnglishinamonth.

用于祈使句，表示祝愿

Mayyousucceed!

might常用于表示轻微的责备和委婉的请求

Youmightpost