C++面向对象程序设计双语教程（第3版）课件 class 3-basic facilities-2.pptx

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C++面向对象程序设计双语教程（第3版）课件 class 3-basic facilities-2.pptx

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ObjectivesTounderstandthemechanismusedtopassinformationbetweenfunctionsTobeabletousereferencestopassargumentstofunctionsToknowhowthenamespaceworksout

01ReviewPointers03Namespaces02References

01ReviewPointers

intmain(){intx;//Anormalintegerint*p=nullptr;//Declareapointertoanintegerp=x;//Readit,assigntheaddressofxtopcoutx|pendl;cinx;//Putavalueinxcoutp\t*p\n;coutx\n;return0;}Pointers0012FF7C:x0012FF78:p0012FF7C7Notetheuseofthe*togetthevalueAvariablewhichstorestheaddressofanothervariableiscalleda?pointer.Pointershaveabasicdatatype,isreferredtoasacompoundtype.Pointersaresaidto“pointto”thevariablewhoseaddresstheystore.Result:0012FF7C|0012FF7870012FF7C77

PointersPointersareaptlynamed:they“point”tolocationsinmemory.Pointersareanextremelypowerfulprogrammingtool.Pointerscanmakesomethingsmucheasier,helpimproveyourprogram‘sefficiency,andevenallowyoutohandleunlimitedamountsofdata.Pointersareoftendifficulttounderstand,andevenexperiencedprogrammersoftenfeelawfulbyerrorscausedbydebuggingpointers.

PointersPointerscanrefereithertoamemoryaddressitself,ortoavariablethatstoresamemoryaddress.?Apointerisdeclaredinthefollowingcases:Ifyouwantavariablethatstoresamemoryaddressint*p;Ifavariablestorestheaddressofanothervariable,yousaythatitis“pointingto”thatvariable.int*p=x;Ifyoupassapointervariableintoafunction,yourepassingthevaluestoredinthepointer--thememoryaddress.voidf(int*p);Ifyouwanttomanipulateamemoryaddress,yourefertoitasamemoryaddress.intarr[]={2,3,4,5};int*p=arr;*++p;

02References

ReferencesC++referencesallowyoutocreateasecondnameforavariablethatyoucanusetoreadormodifytheoriginaldatastoredinthatvariable.A?reference?referstoanotherbasic?