冰区航行船舶冰阻力及六自由度运动响应的离散元分析.pdfVIP

冰区航行船舶冰阻力及六自由度

运动响应的离散元分析

摘

要：冰阻力是冰区船舶航行过程中的重要影响因素，对船舶航行性能及航行安全带来严峻挑战。该文采用

扩展多面体离散元方法建立冰船动力作用过程的三维离散元方法，基于船舶推进功率与推进力间近似关系，将

螺旋桨推力、冰载荷、舵力及水动力等载荷分开考虑，开展恒功率破冰船六自由度非线性操纵直航冰阻力及运

动响应计算。为验证该离散元方法的可靠性，对比了碎冰区DUBROVIN及平整冰区LINDQVIST冰阻力公式

计算结果。基于船舶在不同主机推进功率及复杂冰况下的直航冰阻力计算结果，展开对船舶破冰航速的影响因

素分析。在此基础上，给出了船舶垂荡、横摇、纵摇等冰区船舶运动响应模拟结果和极地船舶运动响应预报结

果，最后对碎冰及平整冰区船舶冰阻力及运动响应展开了对比分析。该方法可有效计算船舶冰阻力，其模拟结

果可为冰区船舶运动响应及航行安全预警提供重要参考。

关键词：破冰船；扩展多面体；离散元；主机功率；冰阻力

DISCRETE

ELEMENT

ANALYSIS

OF

ICE

RESISTANCES

AND

SIX-DEGREES-OF-FREEDOM

MOTION

RESPONSE

OF

SHIPS

IN

ICE-COVERED

REGIONS

Abstract:

The

ice

resistance

is

an

important

factor

in

the

navigation

process

of

ships

in

ice

areas,

which

brings

serious

challenges

to

the

navigation

performance

and

navigation

safety

of

ships.

In

this

study,

the

dilated

polyhedron

based

discrete

element

method

(DPDEM)

is

used

to

establish

a

three-dimensional

discrete

element

method

(DEM)

of

the

ice-ship

dynamic

interaction

process,

based

on

the

approximate

relationship

between

ship

propulsion

power

and

propulsion

force,

and

considering

propeller

thrust,

ice

load,

rudder

force

and

hydrodynamic

load

separately,

the

ice

resistance

and

motion

response

of

6-DOF

nonlinear

manoeuvre

straight

navigate

of

constant

power

icebreaker

are

calculated.

In

order

to

verify

the

reliability

of

the

DEM,

the

results

of

DUBROVIN

and

LINDQVIST

ice

resistance

formulas

in

a

broken

ice

region

and

a

flat

ice

region

were

compared

and

analyzed.

Based

on

the

simulation

results

of

the

ice

resistance

on

ship

under

different

propulsion

power

and

complex

ice

conditions,

the

influencing

factors

of

ship

speed

are

analyzed.

Accordingly,

the

simulation

results

of

ship

motion

收稿日期：2021-10-11；修改日期：2022-01-26

244工程力学

response

in

ice

areas,

such

as

ship

heave,

roll

and

pitch,

and

the

prediction

results

o