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考研外语模拟试题及答案4
一、UseofEnglish
1、Younggirlsathighriskfordepressionappeartohavea
malfunctioningrewardsystemintheirbrains,anewstudy
suggests.Thefindingcomesfromresearchthat【1】ahigh-risk
groupof13girls,aged10to14,whowerenotdepressedbut
hadmotherswho【2】recurrentdepressionandalow-riskgroup
of13girlswithno【3】orfamilyhistoryofdepression.Both
groupsweregivenMRIbrain【4】whilecompletingataskthat
could【5】eitherrewardorpunishment.
【6】withgirlsinthelow-riskgroup,thoseinthehigh-risk
grouphad【7】neuralresponsesduringbothanticipationand
receiptofthereward.【8】,thehigh-riskgirlsshowedno
【9】inanareaofthebraincalledthedorsalanterior
cingulatedcortex(背侧前扣带皮质),believedtoplayarolein
【10】pastexperiencestoassistlearning.
Thehigh-riskgirlsdidhavegreateractivationofthisbrain
area【11】receivingpunishment,comparedwiththeothergirls.
Theresearcherssaidthatthissuggeststhathigh-riskgirls
haveeasiertime【12】informationaboutlossandpunishmentthan
1
informationaboutrewardandpleasure.
Consideredtogetherwithreducedactivationinthestriatal
(纹状体的)areascommonlyobserved【13】reward,itseemsthat
thereward-processingsystemiscritically【14】indaughters
whoareatelevatedriskfordepression,【15】theyhavenotyet
experiencedadepressive【16】,wroteIanH.Gotlib,ofStanford
University,andhiscolleagues.【17】,longitudinalstudies
areneededtodeterminewhethertheanomalousactivations【18】
inthisstudyduringtheprocessingof【19】andlossesare
associatedwiththe【20】onsetofdepression,theyconcluded.
ThestudywaspublishedintheApriloftheArchivesofGeneral
Psychiatry.
(1)
A.embodied
B.included
C.concluded
D.consisted
2、(2)
A.experienced
B.undertook
C.subjec
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