一篇甲醇合成的外文文献原文.docx

ANewLow-TemperatureSynthesisRouteofMethanol:

CatalyticEffectoftheAlcoholicSolvent

1.Introduction

Gas-phasemethanolisbeingproducedindustriallyby30-40milliontonperyeararoundtheworld,fromCO/CO2/H2atatemperaturerangeof523-573Kandapressurerangeof50-100bar,usingcopper-zinc-basedoxidecatalyst.Undertheseextremereactionconditions,theefficiencyofmethanolsynthesisisseverelylimitedbythermodynamicsasmethanolsynthesisisanextremelyexothermicreaction.1,2Forexample,at573Kand50bar,itiscalculatedbythermodynamicsthattheoreticmaximumone-passCOconversionisaround20%forflow-typereactorwhenH2/CO=2.Alsoitisreportedthattheone-passCOconversionintheindustrialICIprocessisbetween15and25%,evenifH2-richgasisused(H2/CO=5,523-573K).3Therefore,developingalow-temperatureprocessformethanolsynthesis,whichwillgreatlyreducetheproductioncostandutilizethethermodynamicadvantageatlowtemperature,ischallengingandimportant.3Ifconversionishighenoughinmethanolsynthesis,recyclingoftheunreactedsyngascanbeomittedandaircanbeuseddirectlyinthereformer,insteadofpureoxygen.Generally,low-temperaturemethanolsynthesisisconductedintheliquidphase.

TheBNLmethodfirstreportedbyBrookhavenNationalLaboratory(BNL),usingaverystrongbasecatalyst(mixtureofNaH,acetate),realizedthiscontinuousliquid-phasesynthesisinasemi-batchreactorat373-403Kand10-50bar.However,aremarkabledrawbackofthisprocessisthatevenatraceamountofcarbondioxideandwaterinthefeedgasorreactionsystemwilldeactivatethestronglybasiccatalystsoon,4,5resultinginhighcostcomingfromthecompletepurificationofthesyngasfromreformer,andreactivationofthedeactivatedcatalyst.Thisisthemainreasonstoppingthecommercializationofthislow-temperaturemethanolsynthesismethod.

Liquid-phasemethanolsynthesisfrompu