2018年高中一年级英语定语从句讲解.docx

WORD

WORD格式整理

专业知识分享

专业知识分享

定语从句讲解

定语从句：复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevasewhichwasveryreasonable.Thosewhoworkhardwillmakeprogress.

先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。

关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

1）关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。

2）关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。

例如：

The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句,

who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man， “who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。

（二）关系代词引导的定语从句

who 指人，在定语从句中作主语、宾语。

The boys who are playing football are from Class One.

Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。

whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。

The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。但直接介词后只用whom,不可省略。

The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend.

Theman towhomyoutalkedjustnowismyoldfriend.（whom不可省略）

which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。或在非限制定语从句中代替整个主句。Football is a game which is liked by most boys.

This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday.Hefailedtheexamagain,whichmadehisfatherangry.

that 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million

.

Where is the man (that / whom) I saw this morning? 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？Yesterday I received a letter that / which came from Australia.

whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。

I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 我拜访了一个全国知名的科学家。

I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。

注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替：

Weliveinahouse, windowsfacethesea.

Weliveinahouse, thewindowsfacethesea.Weliveinahouse,thewindows facethesea

Weliveinabeautifulhouse,andthewindows facethesea

Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?= =

（三）“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句

关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。The school (wh