动物的生长规律及生长肥育猪的营养需要.pptVIP

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动物的生长规律及生长肥育猪的营养需要.ppt

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24 24 24 24 When crude fiber content of the diet exceeds 10 to 15 %, caloric intake may be reduced because of excessive bulk or reduced palatability. Alfalfa meal fiber and other sources of fiber are fermented in the hindgut, producing VFA (Kass et al., 1980), which can provide up to 30 percent of the maintenance energy requirement Lipids Theoretically, if pigs eat to meet their energy requirements, substitution of fat for carbohydrate should not increase performance or energy intake. In general, so long as the diet is adequate in protein content, addition of fat trends to improve gains and reduce the ME required per unit of gain (NRC, 1988). 2. Protein requirements 2.1 Estimate of protein requirements Protein requirements Maintenance Production (protein retention) Body weight = 50 kg，N retention = 19 g/d Digestible protein for maintenance (DCPm) = 2.23W0.75 = 2.23×500.75 = 41.9 g Body protein retention = 19×6.25 = 118.8 g DCP for production (DCPp) = 118.8÷50% = 237.5 g Total requirement of DCP = 41.9＋237.5 = 279.4 g Total requirement of CP = 279.4÷80% = 349.3 g Example DCPm = 2.23W0.75 = 35.5 g Body protein retention = 500×22 % = 110 g DCPp = 110÷50 % = 220 g Total DCP requirement = 35.5＋220 = 255.5 g Total CP requirement = 255.5÷80% = 319.4 g Example Body weight = 40 kg，muscle weight gain = 500 g/d CP of muscle = 22 %: DWG (g/d) Body weight range (kg) 20 40 60 80 100 Protein (g) 400 190 … … … 500 225 250 … … 600 261 277 300 295 700 296 312 332 318 800 … 347 367 354 900 … 383 402 389 1000 … … 437 424 Recommendations for growing pigs-CP1 GFE, 1987 UK China and Japan The standard for lean pigs Liveweight (kg) CP (%) Liveweight (kg) CP (%) Liveweight (kg) CP (%) <50 16-17.5 5-10 22 5-20 22 50-90 13-14 10-20 18-19