2023考研英语真题典型长难句解析结构分析附译文整套.docxVIP

考研英语真题典型长难句解析结构分析附译文 Washington, who had begun to believe that all men were created equal after observing the bravery of the black soldiers during the Revolutionary War, overcame the strong opposition of his relatives to grant his slaves their freedom in his will. 词汇突破: bravery [?bre?v?ri] n. 勇敢；勇气 brave [bre?v] adj. 勇敢的，无畏的；非常好的；华丽的，盛装的 v. 勇敢面对 n. 勇敢的人 grant [ɡrɑ?nt] v. （合法地）授予，允许；（勉强）承认，同意 n. （政府）拨款，补助金；授予，给予；合法转让，正式授予 结构分析: 其该句子的主干结构是：主语 Washington + 谓语 overcame + 宾语 the strong opposition。状语 to grant his slaves their freedom in his will 修饰主干。其中 who 引导的是非限定性定语从句修饰 Washington，该句中又有一个 that 引导的从句作 believe 的宾语。其中 during the Revolutionary War 是时间状语。 参考译文: 华盛顿在独立战争期间看到黑人士兵的勇敢之后，开始相信人人生而平等。他不顾亲戚们的强烈反对，在遗嘱中允许奴隶自由。 And if you need to predict human height in the near future to design a piece of equipment, Gordon says that by and large, “you could use today’s data and feel fairly confident.” 词汇突破: fairly [?fe?li] adv. 相当地；公平地；简直 结构分析: 此句的主干结构是：Gordon says... 。if 引导的是条件状语从句，that 引导的是宾语从句。 参考译文: 如果你需要预测不久的将来人类的身高来设计一件设备，戈登说，总的来说，“你可以使用今天的数据，并感到相当自信。” Moreover, even though humans have been upright for millions of years, our feet and back continue to struggle with bipedal posture and cannot easily withstand repeated strain imposed by oversize limbs. 词汇突破: bipedal [?ba??pi?dl??ba??pedl] adj. 两足动物的；二足的 n. 两足动物 withstand [w?e?st?nd; w?θ?st?nd] v. 顶住，抵住；经受住，承受住（攻击、批评等）；反抗 limb [l?m] n. 肢，臂；分支；枝干 vt. 切断…的手足；从…上截下树枝 结构分析: 该句的主干结构是：our feet and back (主语) + continue to struggle and cannot easily withstand (谓语) + strain (宾语)。even though 引导的是状语从句，imposed by oversize limbs 是简化的定语从句，完整的表达方法是 which is imposed by...，修饰 strain。 参考译文: 此外，尽管人类已经直立行走了数百万年，但我们的脚和背部仍在与两足行走的姿势作斗争，无法轻易承受过大肢体带来的反复压力。 But as diet and health improved, children and adolescents have, on average, increased in height by about an inch and a half every 20 years, a pattern known as the secular trend in height. 词汇突破: secular [?sekj?l?(r)] adj. 世俗的；非宗教的；在俗的；约百年一次的；长期的；现世的；不朽的 n. 修道院外的教士，（对宗教家而言的）俗人 结构分析: 该句的主干结构是：children and ad