suref 001城市新gre写作issue小姜老师发布.pdfVIP

Supplementary Ref 001 有关城市 About City Lee Taylor. Urbanized Society, Goodyear Publishing , ., 1980 characterized by the market ce, a merchant City, a large or important town. Cities are the commercial, industrial, financial, political, and cultural centers of a nation. A city provides opportunities for jobs and offers many cultural and recreational advantages—museums, symphony orchestras, theaters, major sports events. On the other hand, cities tend to be crowded, noisy, and dirty, and have a high crime rate. It generally costs more to live in a city than in a small town, but wages are usually higher. 【 城市出现的意义】 Cities are a human invention. They are the result of a deliberate effort to expand social life and to make it more satisfying. In the more than forty thousand years of human existence, the invention of agriculture some ten thousand years ago and the invention of cities more fifty-five hundred years ago have marked major forward movements. More complex social organization resulted from each of these inventions. Longer life spans, larger populations, expanded knowledge and education, improved health, expanded welfare, and proliferation of the arts and of recreational activities are major aspects of the urban way of life. 【城市的目的】Paramount among the purpose of cities have been commerce and culture. Through these purposes new apexes in civilization have been achieved. The first social structures for achieving commerce and culture were dominated b kings and priests. In Greece, the urban invention matured so that the Greek polis was significantly different from its Mesopotamian predecessors. Greek cities were more than human in scale. Gods and goddesses w