单元二 谓语动词的语态（精讲课件）——2024届高考英语解锁大单元一轮复习【配套新教材】.pptxVIP

专题二被动语态 ;语态说明主语和谓语之间的关系。英语的语态分为主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,也就是动作的对象,所以只有及物动词和及物动词短语才有被动语态。被动语态由“助动词be+过去分词”构成。 Shakespeare’s play Hamlet has been made into at least ten different films over the past years. 在过去的这些年里,莎士比亚的戏剧《哈姆雷特》至少被拍成了十部不同的电影。 In some parts of the world, tea is served with milk and sugar. 在世界的一些地方,茶被提供的时候会加牛奶和糖。;01;一、被动语态的特殊形式 几种特殊形式的被动结构: 1.“be+过去分词+不定式”形式的被动结构 He is reported to have broken a world record. 据报道他打破了一项世界纪录。 2.“It+be+过去分词+从句”形式的被动结构 It’s said that they have discovered a new star. 据说他们发现了一颗新星。 3.“get+done”构成的被动结构 get married 结婚;get hurt 受伤;get lost 迷路; get caught/stuck/trapped 被困;02;被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be动词的变化表现出来的，其变化形式如下（以动词do为例）： 一般现在时：am/is/are +done 例：In Southeast Asian culture，a smile is used frequently to cover painful feelings. 在东南亚国家的文化中，微笑常常被用来掩饰痛苦的感情。 一般过去时：was/were +done 例：Five reporters were sent to cover the conference. 五名记者被派去报道这次会议。;一般将来时：will/shall be +done 例：You will be abandoned by your fans. 你将被歌迷抛弃。 现在进行时：am/is/are being +done 例：A new bridge is being built at present. 一座新桥现在正在建造中。;现在完成时：have/has been +done 例：Some people have been ruined by their desire for wealth. 一些人对财富的贪欲毁掉了他们。 过去进行时：was/were +being +done 例：We couldnt use the computer. It was being repaired. 我们不能使用那台电脑，它正在被维修。 过去完成时：had been +done 例：When the boss got to the office, all the work had been finished. 老板到达办公室时，所有的工作都完成了。;03;①不知道或没有必要指明动作的执行者 Attention, please! A meeting will be held in the office at 8: 00 a.m. tomorrow. Everyone is expected to attend on time. 请注意！明天上午八点在办公室召开会议。望大家准时参加。 ②强调或突出动作的承受者 The woman was taken to hospital. 那位女士被送进了医院。 ③动作执行者被较长的修饰语修饰 The idea was supported by those who wished to make much money. 想挣许多钱的人们支持那个主意。;注意： ①动词短语在含被动语态的句子中作谓语时，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。 The plan will be given up. 这项计划就要被放弃了。 Bad habits have been done away with. 坏习惯已经改掉了。 ②含情态动词的被动语态形式：情态动词+be+过去分词 He must be prevented from going. 必须阻止他去。 The plan ought to be put into practice as soon as possible. 这项计划应该尽早执行。;③“get+过去分词”可以表示被动，