初中阶段数学符号意识的培养.docx

初中阶段数学符号意识的培养 摘　要：在初中阶段，数学符号的使用从算术过渡到代数领域．初中是学生形成数学符号意识的关键阶段。因此，初中数学教师应将帮助学生建立数学符号意识作为重要的教学目标之一。现阶段，越来越多的初中学生向教师反映数学课程愈加难学，在课堂上经常会出现听不懂的情况，而即使当时听懂了教师的所讲所授，课下的作业习题中也会出现各种各样的错误。在对小学与初中数学课本进行比较、统计的基础上，发现初中课本出现的数学符号数量激增是其中的一个主要原因。本研究将通过调查问卷，找出学生在理解、使用数学符号时存在的问题和困难，结合具体实际，从教师、学生两个方面发别给出行之有效的培养策略。 关键词：初中，数学符号，意识 Abstract In junior middle school, the use of mathematical symbols has changed from arithmetic to algebra. Junior middle school is the key stage for students to form the consciousness of mathematical symbols. Therefore, junior high school mathematics teachers should help students to establish mathematical symbol consciousness as one of the important teaching objectives. At this stage, more and more junior high school students reflect to teachers that mathematics curriculum is becoming more difficult to learn. In the classroom, they often fail to understand. Even if they understand what the teachers are teaching at that time, there will be a variety of errors in homework exercises after class. On the basis of comparison and statistics between primary school and junior high school mathematics textbooks, it is found that the sharp increase in the number of mathematical symbols in junior high school textbooks is one of the main reasons. This study will find out the problems and difficulties of students in understanding and using mathematical symbols through questionnaires, and give effective training strategies from both teachers and students. Keywords: Junior High School, Mathematical Symbols, Consciousness  目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u 1 引 言 3 2 数学符号与数学符号意识概述 3 2.1 数学符号 3 2.2 数学符号意识 4 2.3 学生数学符号意识的表现 4 3 初中生数学符号意识的培养 5 3.1 初中生数学符号意识的现状调查 5 3.2 问卷结果 6 3.2.1 学生数学学习的态度及数学成绩情况 6 3.2.2 学生数学学习困难情况及解决方法 7 3.2.3 初中生数学符号意识总体发展趋势 7 4 学生符号意识发展中的问题分析 8 4.1 理解数学符号的本质困难 8 4.2 应用分类讨论思想困难 9 4.3 符号语言转化困难 9 4.4 代数式解答困难 9 5、数学符号意识的培养策略 10 5.1 教师方面 10 5.1.1 提升自身对数学符号的认识 10 5.1.2 规范使用数学符号 11 5.2 学生方面 11 5.2.1 自建错题库 11 5