2023年-学位英语虚拟语气.docxVIP

学位英语语法重点一一虚拟语气 虚拟语气 （每次考试一般占4-5分） 所表示的条件根本不可能实现或实现的可能性很小，称为虚拟条件句。 虚拟条件句，主句与从句中谓语动词的形式可分为下面三类： 假设类型 条件从句动词的时态与现在事实相反 ifwould/should/might/could + 动词原型与过去事实相反 if had+过去分词结果主句的动词的时态+过去式（be只用 were不用 was ）+ 去过分词 假设类型 条件从句动词的时态 与现在事实相反 if would/should/might/could + 动词原型 与过去事实相反 if had +过去分词 结果主句的动词的时态 +过去式（be只用 were不用 was ） + 去过分词 would/should/might/could + have 与将来事实可能相反 if were to +动词原形if should +动词原形 would/should/might/could +动词原型一、在条件句中的应用: If he had time, he would come. A.现在事实 如果有时间，他一定来。（已经过去） I would certainly go if I had time. 如果我有时间当然去。 If he were here, he might help you. 如果他在这也许帮能你。 1、I would ask George to lend us the money if I him. （C, 95 年） had known have known C. knew D. know B.过去事实 59、 If Bob with us, he would have had a good time. （C, 95 年） A. would comeB. would have come C. had come D. A. would come came C.将来事实 we would state at home if it should rain tomorrow. If I were to do the examination I would it some other way. 注意: ⑴条件从句中，如果含有be动词、助动词、情态动词，had, should或动词to have, 可省略if,要倒装，即把这些词放到主语前面。 .you were busy, I wouldnt have bothered you with my questions. (B, 96 年) A. If I realized B. Had I realized C. Did I have realized that D. As I realized Had the weather been good ，the children out for a walk. (2001) A. had gone B. could have gone C. would go D. went 答：B.当虚拟语气中含有were, had, should, would等词时，可以省略if,把这 些词放在主语之前。Should I meet her, I would tell her,万一我见到他，我会告诉他的。Were I in your position, I would do it better.如果我处在你的位置上，我会做的更好。Had they made preparations, they would have succeeded.如果他们准备了的话，他们应该能成功的。本句 为和过去的事实相反的虚拟语气，因此选B. 32. the advice of his friends, he would not have suffered such a heavy loss in his business. (D, 0404) If he tookIf he should takeWere he to takeHad he taken If he took If he should take Were he to take Had he taken ⑵条件从句有时可以用介词短语代替。有时一个假设的情况不用条件从句表示，而用 其它方式来表示，这样的句子叫含蓄条件句。常用with, without, but for. We couldn t have achieved so much without your help. 要不是你们帮忙我们不会取得这么大的成绩 the work in time.(D,36. But for my classmates help, I 0404) the wor