新概念英语第一册lesson21-22.ppt

give v. 给 give up 放弃 give in 屈服 give a talk 作一次演讲 adj. 哪个（东西、人）； pron. 何物，何人，何者，引导定语从句时可用that代替；也可用于非限制性定语从句。 someone 有人 anyone 任何人 it, one, that 它们三词均作代词用，指代前文提到的名词。 it所指是同名同物，one和that所指是同名异物，It 和that都可以指代上文的一部分或全句,而one不能。 I. it／one ／that三者均可用作代词, 指代前面提到的名词。一般说来, it指代同名同物; one与that则指代同名异物。 I have lost my umbrella; Im looking for it. （该句中it就是指前面的my umbrella） I have lost my umbrella; I think I must buy one. （one在该句中表泛指, 因为my umbrella已经丢了） The umbrella you bought is cheaper than that I bought. （替代词that在该句中特指“the umbrella I bought”, 以区别“the umbrella you bought”） II. one与that虽可用来指代同名异物, 但one为泛指, 相当于a／an＋名词; that为特指, 相当于the ＋名词。所以one所指代的名词的修饰语一般为 a／an ／some ／any; that所指代的名词的修饰语往往是the ／this ／that。 A chair made of steel is stronger than one made of wood. （该句中one可以换成a chair） The water in the cup is hotter than that in the pot. （该句中that可以换成 the water） III. one只能代替可数名词单数, 代替可数名词复数时用ones; that既可以代替不可数名词也可以代替可数名词单数, 代替可数名词复数时用 those。 I like this pen more than that one. （one代替可数名词单数pen） There were a few young people and some older ones in the house. （ones代替可数名词复数people） Marys handwriting is far better than that of Peter. （that代替不可数名词 handwriting） These pictures are more beautiful than those. （those代替可数名词复数 pictures） one既可代替事物, 也可代替人, that只能代替事物而不能代替人。有时可以用the one或the ones代替that或those。The one ／That on the table is mine. （该句中The one代替事物, 并且也可以用That）He is the teacher, the one who is loved by the students. （该句中the one代替人, 不能用that）He advised the farmers to choose the best seed-heads, the ones ／those that had the best color. （该句中the ones代替事物, 并且也可以用those） little adj. 小的 adj. 少的；年轻的 adv. 很少地；一点点；少许 n. 少许；一点点 a little 一点 同义短语：a few 一点 There is little water in the glass. 杯子里几乎没有水了。 There is a little water in the glass. 杯子里还有些水。 There are a few mistakes in this passage. 在这篇文章里有些错误。 （1）few, a few是修饰可数名词的, little, a little是修饰不可数名词的。 （2）a few, a little含肯定意味，few, little含否定意味。 主谓宾（双宾）句型 主谓宾