中考英语语法知识点.docx

中考英语语法知识点讲义动词的时态: 初中英语的动词时态主要有五种:一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,现在进 行时,现在完成时. 一般现时的用法:主要由动词原形表示,但在第三人称单数时要在词尾加-s 。否定句和疑问句要用助动词 do, does. A. 经常性或习惯性的动作。如 The trees get green in spring . 。 B 现在特征或状态。如 The Changjiang River is the longest in our country. He doesn` t work in the factory . C.普遍真理。如 The sun rises in the east . Five and two in seven . 2 现在进行时:现在进行时是由助动词 be 的人称形式加现在分词构成。主要表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作。如: Where are they swimming? They are swimming in the river. 有些动词的现在进行时表示近期按计划或安排要进行的动作。这些动词是:go ,come, leave ,start ,arrive , return ,work sleep,stay,play,do,have ,wear….. She is coming to see me tomorrow. 一般将来时:主要表示将要发生的动作或情况。 由助动词 shall 或 will 加动词原形构成。/ be going to 加动词原形构成 It won’t rain tonight . I shall meet you at the station. He is going to have a swim tomorrow. 一般过去时:由动词的过去式表示。 表示在过去某个时刻发生的动作或情况。包括过去习惯性动作。如; Did you knock at the door just now? / He finished reading the book yesterday. 5.现在完成时:由 have 的人称形式加过去分词构成 A 到现在为止已经完成的动作。如: I have lent my book to Ann. 我把书借给了安。 He has never seen a real tiger. 他从来没有见过真老虎。B、从过去开始延续到现在的动作或状态。如: She has lived here since 1991. 从一九九一年起她就住在这里。时态常用的时间副词 一般现在时 every( year,otherday ,twodays,week,month… ,often ,always,usually ,sometimes, in the morning,in summer,on Sunday 一般过去时 last week, just now,yesterday, yeaterday morning ,the day before yesterday,then, at that moment,(a few days ago, 一般将来时 tomorrow, next month, in two days, 现在进行时 now 现在完成时 since ,for(one year…., just, already, yet ,in the last five years, …before.so far 被动语态: 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。由“助动词 be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。 Be 有人称,数量和时态变化。 一般现在时:be (is am are +及物动词的过去分词一般过去时:be (was were+ 及物动词的过去分词 情态动词的过去分词:情态动词+be +及物动词的过去分词用动词的适当时态填空: Light (travelfaster than sound. He (get up early in the morning John usually (go home on Sunday morning. Cats (like fish while dogs (like . He always (sleep with his windows open. One tree (not make a wood. Two and three (be five . I (say you are wrong. Everything (go well in spring . He (not wok on Sundays. He (take a walk after supper. Lucy (prefer coffee to