第五课 高中英语语法讲解与练习之名词性从句.docx

高三英语辅导 by Xiaomei Huang - - - - PAGE 1 - - 高中英语语法之名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses）。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 一、引导名词性从句的连接词 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连词：that（无任何词意）whether,if（均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性）as if ,as though （均表示“好像”，“似乎”）以上在从句中均不充当任何成分 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom,whose, whichever,whomever 连接副词：when, where, how, why,how many,how much,how often 不可省略的连词： 介词后的连词 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。 That she was chosen made us very happy. We heard the news that our team had won. 大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末，用 it 充当形式主语。 It is not important who will go. It is still unknown which team will win the match. 二. 主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语 it 代替， 而本身放在句子末尾。 1、主语从句在复合句作主语。Who will go is not important. 2、用 it 作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。 It doesn’t matter so much whether you will come or not. 用 it 作形式主语的结构 It is ＋名词＋从句 It is a fact that … 事实是… It is an honor that …非常荣幸It is common knowledge that …是常识 it is ＋形容词＋从句 It is natural that… 很自然… It is strange that… 奇怪的是… it ＋不及物动词＋从句 It seems that… 似乎… It happened that… 碰巧… it is＋过去分词＋从句 It is reported that… 据报道… It has been proved that… 已证实… 3、that 引导主语从句时，不能省略。 That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised. 三、宾语从句 名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。 由连接词 that 引导的宾语从句 由连接词 that 引导宾语从句时，that 在句中不担任任何成分，通常可省略，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的 that 不可省。例如： He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。 We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing. 我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。 注意：在 demand、order、suggest、decide、insist, desire, request, command 等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（should）+ 动词原形”。例如： I insist that she (should) do her work alone. 我坚持要她自己工作。 The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once. 司令员命令部队马上出发。 用 who，whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever 等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。例如： I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他告诉了你什么。 Sh