曼昆宏观经济学第七版英文答案-第二章.pdf

C H A P T E R 2 The Data of Macroeconomics Questions for Review 1. GDP measures the total income earned from the production of the new final goods and services in the economy, and it measures the total expenditures on the new final goods and services produced in the economy. GDP can measure two things at once because the total expenditures on the new final goods and services by the buyers must be equal to the income earned by the sellers of the new final goods and services. As the circular flow diagram in the text illustrates, these are alternative, equivalent ways of measur- ing the flow of dollars in the economy. 2. The consumer price index measures the overall level of prices in the economy. It tells us the price of a fixed basket of goods relative to the price of the same basket in the base year. 3. The Bureau of Labor Statistics classifies each person into one of the following three cat- egories: employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force. The unemployment rate, which is the percentage of the labor force that is unemployed, is computed as follows: Number of Unemployed Unemployment Rate = × 100. Labor Force Note that the labor force is the number of people employed plus the number of people unemployed. 4. Every month, the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) undertakes two surveys to measure employment. First, the BLS surveys about 60,000 households and thereby obtains an estimate of the share of people who say they are working. The BLS multiplies this share by an estimate of the population to estimate the number of people working.