考研英语翻译(第二讲)课件.ppt

考研翻译完形高分策略考研翻译和完形填空外国语学院 考研翻译完形高分策略一. 翻译“三步曲”之一：看虚词，分结构1.1 虚词(function word)------语义的纽带一般不充单独充当句子成分，意义比较空洞的词，包括副词、介词、连词、助词、语气词。1. He is interesting to listen to.a. 他对听别人讲话很感兴趣。b. 听他讲话很有趣。深层结构：It is interesting to listen to him.我们总是把大量的注意力集中在名词、形容词、副词等实词上面，忽略了虚词----这一表示句子之间或句子内部各个成分之间逻辑关系的重要关系词，如介词和连词。 考研翻译完形高分策略一. 翻译“三步曲”之一：看虚词，分结构1.1 虚词(function word)------语义的纽带2. Sleep deprivation has a similar impact on thebody to the aging process and may increase theseverity of age-related chronic disorders such asheart disease and diabetes, researchers havefound.随着年龄的增长，睡眠不足会对身体有影响。睡眠不足对身体的影响类似于自然老化的过程。Similar to 完全类似于the same as 等结构 考研翻译完形高分策略一. 翻译“三步曲”之一：看虚词，分结构1.1 虚词(function word)------语义的纽带a. Sleep deprivation has the same inpact on the bodyas the aging process.b. Sleep deprivation has as great an impact on thebody as the aging process.c. Sleep deprivation has a greater impact on the bodythan the aging process.研究人员发现，睡眠不足对人体的影响类似于自然老化的过程，它可能会加重与年龄有关的慢疾病，如心脏病和糖尿病。 考研翻译完形高分策略一. 翻译“三步曲”之一：看虚词，分结构1.1 虚词(function word)------语义的纽带3. The relation of language and mind has interestedphilosophers for many centuries. The Greeksassumed that the structure of language had someconnection with the process of thought, which tookroot in Europe long before people realized howdiverse languages could be.正确翻译的关键，是搞清楚非限性定语从句中的关系代词which 所指代的先行词是什么？译文： 希腊人认为，语言结构与思维过程之间存在着某种联系。这一观点在人们尚未认识到语言的多样性之前就早已在欧洲根深蒂固了。 考研翻译完形高分策略一. 翻译“三步曲”之一：看虚词，分结构1.2 分析难句要“三看”1.2.1 “三看拆分法之： 看动词，找宾语Many people in industry and the Services, who havepractical experience of noise, regard any investigation ofthis question as a waste of time; they are not preparedeven to admit the possibility that noise affects people. Onthe other hand, those who dislike noise will sometimesuse most inadequate evidence to support their pleas for aquieter society.在工业部门和部队服役的许多人对噪音都有切身的体会，然而这些人认为对于噪音问题的研究纯属老肥时间，他们甚至不愿意承认噪音对人体有任何影响。另一方面，那些不喜欢噪音的人在要求安静的社会环境时，提出的证据却并不充分。 考研翻译完形高分策略首先，对于谓语动词，要找到其宾语，因为可能出现动词与其宾语被分隔的现象。其次，要区分谓语动词与非谓语动词，尤其是过去式与过去分词，不能混