学堂在线-医学专业英语（下期）课后练习题参考答案.pdf

1 2 6.单选题 (1 分) What is type 2 diabetes? The cells in your body need insulin to change glucose, the sugar that comes from the food you eat, into energy you need to live. Without insulin, this sugar cannot get into your cells to do its work. It stays in your blood instead. Your blood sugar level then gets too high. Type 2 diabetes usually begins with insulin resistance. This means that your pancreas is making enough insulin, but your cells are not able to use it. When your cells don’t get the sugar they need, your pancreas works harder at first to make more insulin. But after a while, your pancreas stops being able to make enough insulin. High blood sugar can harm many parts of the body. It can damage blood vessels and nerves throughout your body. You will have a bigger chance of getting eye, heart, blood vessel, nerve, and kidney disease. Your weight, level of physical activity, and family history affect how your body responds to insulin. People who are overweight, get little or no exercise, or have diabetes in the family are more likely to get type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is usually found in adults, which is why it used to be called adult-onset diabetes. But now more and more children and teens are getting it too. Type 2 diabetes is a disease that you will always have, but you can live a long and healthy life by learning how to manage it. How is type 2 diabetes diagnosed? 3 Most likely you found out that you have diabetes when you saw your doctor for a regular checkup or for some other problem. Your doctor probably diagnosed type 2 diabetes by examining you, asking about your health history, and looking at the results of blood sugartests. How is it treated? A healthy diet helps keep your blood sugar under control and helps prevent hea