动名词讲解和练习.pptVIP

Useful structure ( 30m ) The use of doing (动名词) * . 一、动名词的形式 主动形式 被动形式 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done * . （一）动名词的时态： 动名词的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动 作同时发生,或在谓语动词所发生的动作之后发生. We were interested in playing chess.同时 She is looking forward to seeing you again.之后 动名词的完成式所表示的动作在谓语动词 所表示的动作之前发生。 I’m sorry for not having kept my promise. * . (二).动名词的语态 如果动名词的逻辑主语是动名词的承受着,这时用动名词的被动式. He was afraid of being left at home. The house showed no sign of having been damaged. * . 注意：主动表示被动 1.want / require/ need / deserve (应得)doing = want / require/ need / deserve to be done 2.be worth doing * . 三.功能及用法:动名词可作主语,表语,宾语,定语. 做主语 ①动名词直接置于句首主语的位置上。 Talking is easier than doing . Collecting stamps is his hobby.(谓语用单数） 注意：动名词和不定时都可做主语,动名词表 示泛指的一般的或抽象的多次性行为;不定式 表示具体的或一次性动作. To refuse him this time is not easy. Playing with fire is dangerous. * . ②用形式主语it，把真正的主语——动名词结 构移置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制, 作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词，如 useful，useless，good，fun；no use，等。如： It’s no use / no good/ no need doing sth. It’s fun doing sth. It’s a waste of time / money doing sth. It’s useless / useful doing sth. There is no sense / point doing sth. There is no need to do sth * . 玩电脑游戏浪费时间 1) ____________________________ computer games. 2) 试图和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。 _______________________________ with Shylock． It is useless trying to argue 跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。 3) It is fun _________________________ Its a waste of time of playing working with you． * . 2. 作表语 动名词作表语表示主语的内容常可与主语互换。 My job is teaching. --- Teaching is my job. Her favourite sport is playing football. ---Playing football is her favourite sport. 现在分词也可以做表语,多是形容词化的分词. The book is interesting. * . 3.作宾语. 动名词作宾语有两种情况。一是有些动词只能后接动名词作宾语；二是有些动词既可后接动名词也可后接不定式作宾语。 ①只能后接动名词作宾语的动词，常见的有avoid，consider，enjoy，keep，finish，suggest，dislike，delay，escape，cannot help，imagine，mind，miss，practise，cannot stand等。如： I can’t avoid going． Have you considered going to the zoo? 这类动词还有：excuse，fancy，give up，put off，risk等。 * . 为了便于记忆，特归纳如下： 后跟-ing的动词的顺口溜： 避免，错