Chaper教学课件完整版电子教案.pptx

全 册 课 件 延迟符 Chaperppt课件（完整版） Chapter 1 Fundamental of Computer 2 Introduction A computer is a general-purpose device that can be programmed to carry out a set of arithmetic or logical operations automatically. Since a sequence of operations can be readily changed, the computer can solve more than one kind of problem. 3 Computer’s History Most histories of the modern computer begin with the Analytical Engine envisioned by Charles Babbage following the mathematical ideas of George Boole, the mathematician who first stated the principles of logic inherent in todays digital computer. Apart from mechanical calculators, the first really usable computers began with the vacuum tube, accelerated with the invention of the transistor, which then became embedded in large numbers in integrated circuits, ultimately making possible the relatively low-cost personal computer. 4 An Introduction of computer The first computer in the world was born in 15th, February, 1946. The computer was named as ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer), at the U.S. Armys Aberdeen Proving Ground in Maryland. 5 ENIAC Whole machine was built in a metal cabinet, which weighed 30 tons and was eight feet high, three feet deep, and 100 feet long. Also the system contained over 18,000 vacuum tubes that were cooling by 80 air blowers. 6 ENIAC Programs were loaded into memory manually using switches, punched cards, or paper tapes. 7 8 Generations of Computers First Generation Computers Employed during the period 1940-1956 Used the vacuum tubes technology for calculation as well as for storage and control purpose. Advantages Fastest computing devices of their time; These computers were able to execute complex mathematical problems in an efficient manner. Generations of Computers Disadvantages The functioning of these computers depended on the machine language. There were generally designed as special-purpose computers. The use of vacuum tube technology make these computers very large and