英汉互译简明教程（第二版）课件7 第二篇 从句的译法.pptx

实用英汉翻译 ;2;Lead-in;;定语从句;;;4.1 译成前置定语 ;4.1 译成前置定语 ;; 当定语从句是结构复杂，或者意思上有较强的独立性的限定性定语从句时, 如果翻译成前置的定语, 就会不符合汉语的表达习惯, 在这种情况下, 往往把该定语从句翻译成并列的分句, 放置于原来它所修饰词的后面。 ; 采取这种译法往往要重复关系代词所替代的词，有时可在此词之前加指示词“这”、“这些”等，以使译文明确。 具体如下： 译成并列分句，重复先行词 译成并列分句，省略先行词 译成独立句（适用于非限制性定从） ;例1：But world attention also is focusing on another step, which will make the smoker increasingly self-conscious and uncomfortable about his habit. ;例3：It is he who received the letter that announced the death of your uncle. 例4：He saw in front that haggard white-haired old man, whose eyes flashed red with fury. ;例5：He had talked to Vice-President Nixon, who assured him that everything that could be done would be done. 例6：One was a violent thunderstorm, the worst I had ever seen, which obscured my objective.;4.3 融合译法;例1：You are the only person who could do it. 例2：This is was the first time I had serious trouble with my boss. 例3：We used a plane of which almost every part carried some indication of national identity.;4.4 译成状语;1)译成表“因”的分句 例1：We know that a cat, whose eyes can take in many more rays of light than our eyes, can see clearly in the night.;2)译成表“果”的分句 例2：There was something original, independent, and heroic about the plan that pleased all of them. ;3)译成表“让步”的分句 例3： He insisted on building another house, which he had no use for. ;4)译成表“目的”的分句 例4：The imperialist states maintain enormous armies and gigantic navies which are used for oppressing and exploiting the people in distant lands.;5)译成表“条件”、“假设”的分句 例5：Men become desperate for work, any work which will help them to keep alive their families. 例6：He would be a short –sighted commander who merely manned his fortress and did not look beyond. ;;英语的名词从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。在翻??时，语序一般不变，但有时也需采取一些其他处理方法。;5.1 主语从句的译法 ;5.1 主语从句的译法 ;1. 如主语从句较短，可提前与主句合译为“是”字结构。 例1：It is dangerous that you have a smattering of superficial knowledge on a subject. 对任何问题一知半解都是危险的。 例2：It is g