英汉互译简明教程（第二版）课件10 第三篇 语序的调整.pptx

实用英汉翻译第三篇 汉译英常用技巧（2） 语序的调整Contents状语AssignmentLead-in定语Lead-in 我是中国人。主+谓+宾I am Chinese.私は中国人です。主+宾+谓定语1.定语的位置1.1 所修饰的词（中心词）前 单词做定语（与汉语一致）1.2 所修饰的词（中心词）后 1.2.1 少数形容词做定语 1.2.2 副词做定语 1.2.3 短语做定语 1.2.4 从句做定语1.3 与所修饰的词分开定语的位置1.1 位于所修饰词之前financial problems 财政问题life insurance 人寿保险developing countries 发展中国家peaceful construction 和平建设trade deficit 贸易逆差与汉语一致单词做定语1.2 定语位于所修饰词之后1.2.1 少数形容词做定语1.2.1.1 固定搭配court martial 军事法庭postmaster general 邮政部长president elect 当选总统sum total 总额Asia Minor 小亚细亚定语位于所修饰词之后1.2.1少数形容词做定语1.2.1.2 有些形容词可放名词前，可放名词后，意思不同：There are many old men present.What’s your present feeling?有些形容词可放名词前，可放名词后，意思相同：Is there a doctor available?We must set every available man to work.定语位于所修饰词之后1.2.1 少数形容词做定语1.2.1.3 修饰nothing, something这类合成代词的形容词通常放在它们后面。I was looking for something cheaper.Has anything special happened?There is nothing wrong with his heart.定语位于所修饰词之后1.2.2 副词做定语The people there are very friendly.I met your sister on my way home.Is there anything on tomorrow?This was her first day up.定语位于所修饰词之后1.2.3 短语做定语She looked to be a young woman of twenty. 介词短语Is this the table reserved for us? 分词短语People waiting for the bus often shelter in my doorway.They need a garden to play in. 不定式短语She has done a play, at once educational and witty.定语位于所修饰词之后1.2.4 从句做定语The noise he made woke everybody up.Everyone who (that) knew him liked him.She gave me this jumper, which she had knitted herself.定语的位置1.3 与所修饰的词分开What do you have to say in this regard?to say 修饰 whatI saw something in the paper which might interest you.which might interest you 修饰 something定语2.定语的次序2.1 一个名词有几个定语时，大体顺序为：all/both+冠词或其他代词+其他单词定语+名词eg. all the chinese students an interesting detective story2.2 个别定语可放在冠词前面eg. such a nice person so short a time rather a hard time too small an income half an hour twice the amount定语2. 定语的次序2.3 一个名词有几个形容词修饰时，表示基本品质的词，离所修饰词最近，其他按下列顺序：冠词+品质+大小/年岁+颜色+国家+物质/材料+名词eg. a beautiful old red Chinese wooden table2.4 越能表明事物基本性质的定语越要靠近所修饰的词。物理性质在前，化学性质在后次要性质在前，主要性质在后相