托福长难句(完整版).pdf

Produced by 王承敏 Although we now tend to refer to the various crafts according to the materials used to construct them-clay, glass, wood, fiber, and metal-it was once common to think of crafts in terms of function, which led to their being known as the “applied arts.” （OG-Applied arts and fine arts ） 长难句类型：抽象词 难度： 3 语法分析： Although we now tend to refer to the various crafts according to the materials used to construct them-clay, glass, wood, fiber, and metal-it was once common to think of crafts in terms of function, which led to their being known as the “applied arts. ” 译文：尽管现在我们倾向于根据工艺品的制造材料 —— 比如黏土、 玻璃、木头、纤维以及金 属—— 对他们进行分类， 但根据工艺品的功能进行分类 （这一做法）在过去曾经很流行， （这 一做法）导致了这些工艺品被称作 “实用艺术 ”。 解释：这句话的前半句，也就是让步的部分并不难，难就难在 后面 的转折 部分， it 是形式主 语， 真正 的主语是 “to think of crafts in terms of function ”这一做法， 而后面 which 引导的 定语 从 句也 正 是修饰 前 面 的 “to think of crafts in terms of function ”这一做法， 这句话是 全 文的 第 一 句，事 实 上作 者 是在做一 个背景 导入 ，根据这句话， 我们 可知 ，下面要讲 的就 “是实用艺术 ”。 Produced by 王承敏 Since the laws of physics, not some arbitrary decision, have determined the general form of applied-art objects, they follow basic patterns, so much so that functional forms can vary only within certain limits. （OG-Applied arts and fine arts ） 长难句类型：抽象词 +插入 语 +易混指代 难度： 4 语法分析： Since the laws of physics, not some arbitrary decision, have determined the general form of applied-art objects, they follow basic patterns, so much so that functional forms can vary only within certain limits. 译文： 因为 是 物理定律 —— 而 不是 随意 的结论 —— 决定 了实用艺术品的一 般形式 ，所 以它 们 （实用艺术品） 遵循基本 的样式 ，这也 使得 （它们的）功能 形式只 能在很 小 的范围内变化 。 解释：这句话前半部分的