火电厂专业英语分析解析.pdf

1. Modern electric generating stations 1.现代发电厂 1.1 how power is generated 1.1 电是如何产生的 Virtually all the electric power in the United States today is generated by one of the methods depicted schematically in fig.1.1. 事实上，今天所有的美国电力都是由图 1.1所示意的一种方法所产生的。 Approximately 90% of the electric power are generated by what is called the thermal-mechanical generation concept. In this concept, heat energy is converted into mechanical energy which powers an electric generator. Most of these power plants use the Rankine cycle for conversion of heat energy to mechanical power. 接近 90%的电力是通过热机发电的理念而产生的。这个观念认为，热能可以转化为 机械能，而机械能又可以通过发电机转化为电能，大部分电厂使用朗克循环的方法 将热能转化为电能 Fossil-fuel plants represent the most common application of the thermal-mechanical concept. 化石燃料电厂是最典型的热电应用 Coal, gas, or a petroleum fraction is mixed with air and injected into a boiler where combustion takes place. 煤、天然气、石油与空气混合注入到锅炉中进行燃烧。 In most plants, heat from combustion is used to convert water to steam. 在大部分电厂中，燃烧产生的热量将水转化成水蒸气。 This steam, in turn, flows through large pipes to a multistage turbine. 蒸汽流经大型的管道进入多级汽轮机中。 In some plants fired by petroleum or gas, the combustion products flow directly to the turbine. 在一些燃油和燃气火电站中，燃烧产物直接流入汽轮机中 As the steam or hot gas passed through the turbine, energy is extracted from the vapor to run the turbine. 当蒸汽或热气流经汽轮机时，蒸汽中的能量也流经汽轮机。 The turbine is mechanically connected to the generator, and it drives or rotates the generator, allowing the production of electrical energy. 汽轮机和发电机在结构上相联，它驱动发电机转动，产生电能。 1.2 Steam Power Plants 1.2 蒸汽发电厂 The most widely used fossil systems burn coal or a heavy petroleum fraction to supply the thermal energy, and employ a steam turbine to power the electric generator. 最广泛应用的矿物质燃烧系统是烧煤或者烧油来提供热能， 利用蒸汽轮机来驱动 发电机。 Fossil-fuel plants represent the most common application of the thermal-mechanical concept. 矿物质燃料电厂体现的是最普通的热机发电的理念 Coal, gas, or a petroleum f