中考英语专项复习《主动语态变被动》部分练习题.pdf

中考英语主动语态变被动语态 被动语态由“助动词 +及物动词的过去分词”构成。不同时态的被动语态的差异主要体现在助动词 be 的 变化上， 同时助动词 be 还要在人称和数上与主语保持一致。在将主动语态变为被动语态时， 可按以下三个 步骤： a. 把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 b. 把谓语变成被动结构 (be ＋过去分词 ) ，并根据被动语 态句子里的主语的人称和数以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定 be 的形式。c. 把主动语态中的主语 放在介词 by 之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。在无须说明动作的执行者或只强调动作的承受者时， by 短语 可以省略。例如： All the people laughed at him. →He was laughed at by all people. They make the bikes in the factory. →The bikes are made by them in the factory. 含有双宾语的主动句改为被动句时，应将其中一个宾语改为被动结构的主语，另一个宾语仍保留在原 处。一种情况是把间接宾语 ( 指人 ) 变为主语，直接宾语 ( 指物 ) 不变；另一种情况是把直接宾语 ( 指物 ) 变为 主语，间接宾语 ( 指人 ) 不变，这时 , 间接宾语前通常加介词 to ，有时加 for 。例如： My father gave me a new book on my birthday. →I was given a new book (by my father) on my birthday. ( 间接宾语作了主语 ) →A new book was given to me (by my father) on my birthday. ( 直接宾语作了主语 ) 含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时， 由“情态动词＋ be ＋过去分词”构成， 原来带 to 的情态动词变 成被动语态后， to 仍要保留。例如： We can repair this watch in two days. →This watch can be repaired in two days. They should do it at once. →It should be done at once. 练习 将下列句子变为被动语态： 1. We often sing this song. _______________________________ 2. He broke his leg in the match. _______________________________ 3. She will sell her house soon. _______________________________ 4. He is repairing the machine. _______________________________ 5. He has finished his work. _______________________________ 6. We call him Lao Wang. _______________________________ 7. We must do something to help her. _______________________________ 8. What did you say at the meeting? _______________________________ 9. He gave me some