How Diversity Makes Us Smarter中文译文整理.pdf

How Diversity Makes Us Smarter 多元化怎样令我们更聪明 Being around people who are different 身边的人与我们不同，使我们更具创造 from us makes us more creative, more 性，更勤勉，也更努力。 diligent and harder-working By Katherine W. Phillips on October 1, 凯瑟琳·威廉姆·菲利普 2014 ·10 ·1 2014 The first thing to acknowledge about 首先，我们要承认，多元化这个问题很 diversity is that it can be difficult. In the 深奥。在美国，这个对各种观点包容性 U.S., where the dialogue of inclusion is 相对较高的国家，提到“多元化”，人 relatively advanced, even the mention of 们也会感到焦虑不安，矛盾重重。最高 the word “diversity” can lead to anxiety 法院的法官们对多元化的原则难以达 and conflict. Supreme Court justices 成一致意见，他们努力去实现审判的多 disagree on the virtues of diversity and 元化；企业为能在内外部形成并实现多 the means for achieving it. Corporations 元化散尽千金，尽管如此，它们仍就面 spend billions of dollars to attract and 临着歧视诉讼；商界的领导阶层，仍由 manage diversity both internally and 白人和男性主导。 externally, yet they still face discrimination lawsuits, and the leadership ranks of the business world remain predominantly white and male. It is reasonable to ask what good 我们有理由提出这样的疑问，多元化对 diversity does us. Diversity of expertise 我们有什么益处。专业技术多元化的益 confers benefits that are obvious—you 处显而易见——想要研发一款新型汽 would not think of building a new car 车，工程师，设计师和质量控制专家缺 without engineers, designers and 一不可——那么社会多元化的益处是 quality-control experts—but what about 什么呢？种族，名族，性别和性取向方 social diversity? What good comes from 面的多元化，又会为我么带来怎样的益 diversity of race, ethnicity, gender and 处呢？研究表明，团体中的社会差异会 sexual orientation? Research has shown 引起一系列问题，如：内心不安，交往 that social diversity in a group can cause 困难，信任缺失，感知性人际冲突增强， discomfort, rougher interactions, a lack of 交流减少，凝聚力降低，对不敬的敏感 trust, greater perceived interpersonal 度增强等。那么，其优点又体现在何处 conflict, lower communication, less 呢？ cohesion, more concern about disrespect, and other problems. So wh