Lesson 4--The Trial That Rocked the World英语教学讲解稿.ppt

;The Scopes/Monkey Trial ;The Monkey Trial;; In the summer of 1925, history was made in the small town of Dayton, Tennessee. The issue at hand was the "Butler Law," which forbid the teaching of evolution in public schools. ;PUBLIC ACTS OF THE STATE OF TENNESSEE PASSED BY THE SIXTY - FOURTH GENERAL ASSEMBLY 1925 CHAPTER NO. 27 House Bill No. 185 (By Mr. Butler);Synopsis of the Text ; The fledgling American Civil Liberties Union wanted to challenge the law's constitutionality and chose to test it with the trial of John Scopes, a young high-school math and gym teacher who briefly taught Darwinism as a substitute biology teacher. The quiet procedural matter exploded into a media carnival when two great lawyers arrived to argue the case. ;;Religious debate;Christian Fundamentalists (【宗】原教旨主义(相信《圣经》所记载的传统的基督教信仰, 反对较为近代的教义) and others who believe literally in the biblical story of creation choose to reject evolutionary theory because it contradicts the book of Genesis, which describes how God created the world and all its plants and animal life in six days. Many such people maintain that the Earth is relatively young—perhaps 6,000 to 8,000 years old—and that humans and all the world's species have remained unchanged since their recent creation by a divine hand.;Genesis 《圣经·创世纪》;The court refused to consider the validity of the law. Instead, it asked the jury to determine only whether Scopes had violated that law. The trial involved several distinguished lawyers, including: Defense Counsel (辩护律师): Clarence Darrow, one of America's leading criminal lawyers. Prosecutor: former U.S. secretary of state，three-time presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan ; Opening statements pictured the trial as a titanic struggle between good and evil or truth and ignorance. Bryan claimed that “If evolution wins, Christianity goes." Darrow argued, "Scopes isn't on trial civilization is on trial." ;;Course;Results;Jud