多功能穿戴式地震救援机械外骨骼设计研究.pdf

摘 要 据统计分析，我国是世界上地震灾害发生较为频繁的国家之一，我国因地质特 点影响，地震区域多发生在高山峡谷地带，搜救环境较为恶劣。在地震救援现场存 在着不确定性和危险性因素，使搜救人员搜救难度不断增加。因此，为了解决这一 问题，一些地震救援设备应运而生，但是目前很多地震救援设备部件过于零散、不 方便携带、操作上具有一定的专业性，使救援工作难以顺利进行。所以当前地震搜 救设备的研究仍然存在着很多问题。 本文以突发的地震灾害环境为背景，试图解决搜救人员在搜救过程中所面临的 各种问题。因此本文从“地震环境”与“救援方式”两个方面研究外骨骼与地震救 援之间的关系。通过研究地震环境的特点，了解搜救工作艰难进行的原因。研究搜 救方式，分析在地震环境下搜救工作的特点。研究当前救援产品的类型、种类、特 点，发现当前救援设备存在的不足。通过研究当前外骨骼的技术与应用领域，了解 当前外骨骼的特点与地震救援之间的共性，从而使外骨骼更好的应用到地震救援领 域中。 在地震救援领域中，研究搜救人员在救援时的动作，以及救援方式，找到与外 骨骼相同的特性。通过分析以上所涉及的特点，整理出关键性问题。分析环境、设 备和使用人群，找出将外骨骼应用到地震救援领域中的特点，并为之后的设计提供 参考。最后整理出适用于地震环境下多功能穿戴式地震救援设备的设计原则，并根 据这些设计原则为导向，设计一款符合与地震救援领域的多功能可穿戴式产品，为 地震救援领域的救援设备提供一种新的思路。 关键词 地震救援；多功能；机械外骨骼；穿戴式；救援装备 I Abstract According to statistic, China is one of the countries with the most frequent earthquakes in the world. Due to Chinas geological characteristics, most of the earthquakes occur in high mountains and canyons where the search and rescue environment is relatively poor. Under the rescue environment of earthquakes, there are uncertain and dangerous factors in rescue scenes. It is more and more difficult for rescuers to carry out search and rescue. So some earthquake rescue aids have been produced in order to solve this problem. However, at present, many components of earthquake rescue aids are fragmented, inconvenient to carry, as well as with too many professional operations, which makes the rescue work difficult to carry out. So there are still many problems in the research on earthquake search and rescue equipment. In this paper, based on abrupt earthquakes, attempts are made to solve various problems that rescuers have in the process of search and rescue. Therefore, the relationship between exoskeleton and earthquake rescue is studied from two aspects, including Earthquake Envi