中国历史文化概况英文版unit7scienceandtechnology.pptxVIP

Unit 7 Science and technologyText A Four great inventionsText B PharmacologySupplementary Reading Mathematics学习任务整体上掌握Text A和Text B 两篇文章的内容，包括背景资料，单词，相关专有名词等。完成Text A 和Text B 的课后题目。浏览Text C。Text A Four great inventions导读：　四大发明是指中国古代对世界具有很大影响的四种发明。即造纸术、指南针、火药、印刷术。四大发明对中国古代的政治、经济、文化的发展产生了巨大的推动作用。而且对世界文明发展史也产生了非常大的影响。Text A Four great inventionsPapermaking, gunpowder, printing and the compass are four ancient inventions by Chinese people that have had a huge impact on the entire world.Text A Four great inventions-----Paper MakingIn 105 A.D. Cai Lun, a eunuch during the Eastern Han Dynasty, invented paper from worn fishnet, bark and cloth. Text A Four great inventions-----Paper MakingThe technique of paper making was exported to Korea in 384 A.D. A Korean Monk then took this skill with him to Japan in 610 A.D.During a war between the Tang Dynasty and the Arab Empire, the Arabs captured some Tang soldiers and paper making workers. Thus, a paper factory was set up by the Arabs.In the 11th Century the skill was carried to India when Chinese monks journeyed there in search of Buddhist sutras.Through the Arabs, Africans and Europeans then mastered the skill. The first paper factory in Europe was set up in Spain. In the latter half of the 16th century, this skill was brought to America. By the 19th century, when paper factories were set up in Australia, paper making had spread to the whole world.Text A Four great inventions-----Paper MakingText A Four great inventions-----GunpowderIt was first invented inadvertently by alchemists while attempting to make an elixir of immorality. It was a mixture of sulphur, saltpeter, and charcoal.Text A Four great inventions-----GunpowderIt was a mixture of sulphur, saltpeter, and charcoal. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, gunpowder was being used in military affairs. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, frequent wars spurred the development of cannons, and fire-arrows shot from bamboo tubes.In the 12th and 13th centuries, gunpowder s