精品中考考点之宾语从句.docx

中考考点一旬法(宾语从旬) 注意！宾语从句小口诀： 宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词； 主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制； 主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时； 陈述句转化that弓|, 一般疑问句用if/whether, 特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。 一、基本讲解 1概念:在句屮担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的 宾语。eg, He said he was good at drawing.(动词宾语) He asks him how long Mike has been down .(动词宾语) Miss Zhang is angry at what you said.(介词宾语) 引导词 .陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用th芯口语中常常省略。 e.g, She told me (that) she would like to go with us. 以whether或if引导的宾语从句，主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的 宾语从彳 U,从句同样是陈述语序 eg, I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei. 注意：-般情况下，whether和if可以互用，但有些情况例外。 当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether不用if eg, We are talking about whether well go on the pinic. 引导词与动词不定式或not连用时，只用whether. eg, Could you tell me whether to go or not? if当如果讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whethe匚 .特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后耍用陈述句语序。 E.g. Could you tell me whats the matter\wrong with you? 特殊情况::当do you think后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时， 句式结构应为引导诃+ do you think +陈述句语序。 eg- When do you think hell come back? How many times do you think he has seen the film? Who do you think Tom is waiting for? 宾语从句吋态 当主句是一般现在时，一?般将來时或祈使句时，从句不受主句的限制，根据自身的需要选 用相应的时态。例如： Do you know (if/whether he has seen the film) ? 当主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去时的相应时态。例如： I didnt know (if/whether he had seen the film.) 注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等，从 句仍然要用一般现在时。例如： He said (that the earth moves round the sun.) The teacher told us (that light travels much faster than sound.) 4、人称的变化和标点的使用 乩从句的主语如杲是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与 主句的宾语一致；如果是笫三人称，不用变化。如： “May I use your knife ? ^He asked me. —He asked me if he might use my knife? Do you know her telephone number? ^He asked me. —Hc asked me if I know her telephone numbe匚 b.宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。如： Who will give us a talk? I dont know. —1 dont know who will give us a talk. Do you know? Where does he live? —Do you know where he lives? 二、宾语从句的转化 1.2.当主句谓语动词是hope, wish, decide, forget, plan, agree等，且主句主语与从句主 语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如： She agreed that she could help me with my maths. —She agreed to help me with my maths. 当主句的谓语动词是know, learn, forget