大批量生产条件下冲天炉与电炉熔炼成本比较.docx

大批量生产条件下冲天炉与电炉熔炼成本比较周军，王冬，方异锋（机械工业第三设计研究院，重庆 404100）摘要：以年产 10 大批量生产条件下冲天炉与电炉熔炼成本比较 周 军，王 冬，方异锋 （机械工业第三设计研究院，重庆 404100） 摘要：以年产 10 万 t 灰铸铁缸体、缸盖铸件的车间为对象，针对铸造生产是采用冲天炉+保温电炉的双联熔炼方式还是 采用中频感应电炉的单一熔炼方式问题，从熔炉自身特点、对原料要求、余热利用可行性、操作维护难度、投资及运行成 本等方面进行了综合对比；认为，虽然冲天炉的初期投资较高，但其熔化运行成本低、对炉料要求低、供液连续、铁液冶 金性能好、余热和固体排放物可回收利用、能源消耗少，建议采用冲天炉+保温电炉双联熔炼方式。 关键词：灰铸铁缸体缸盖；熔炼方式；大批量生产条件；成本 中图分类号：TG232 文献标识号：E 文章编号：1003－8345（2013）01－0015－06 DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1003-8345.2013.01.001 Electrical Furnace and Cupola Furnace Melting Cost Comparison under Mass Production Conditions ZHOU Jun，WANG Dong，FANG Yi-feng （Third Design and Research Institute of Machinery Industry，Chongqing 404100，China） Abstract：With a foundry shop having productive capacity of 100 000 t of gray iron cylinder block and cylinder head castings as object of analysis，the problem whether the cupola + electrical holding furnace duplex melting or the single medium fre - quency induction furnace melting to be adopted for the casting production was comparatively analyzed in the aspects of the characteristics of melting furnace itself，raw materials requirements，usage possibility of the afterheat，operation and main - tenance difficulties，investment and running cost，etc. It was considered that, although the initial investment of the cupola is relatively higher，however its melting running cost is lower，its melting charge requirements are lower，it can supply molten iron continuously，metallurgical properties of its molten iron are better, its afterheat and solid emissions are reusable，its energy consumption is less. It was suggested finally to adopt the cupola + electrical holding furnace duplex melting. Key words：gray iron cylinder and cylinder head；melting manner；condition of mass production；cost 在铸铁件生产中，铁液的熔炼方式有三种， 即：冲天炉单一熔炼、冲天炉+保温电炉双联熔炼 和中频感应电炉单一熔炼。由于在工艺性能方面 并无明显差别[1]，究竟哪一种方式适合自己，要从 所提供铁液的冶金性能、对原材料质量要求、投 资和运行成本、能源消耗水平、环境保护难易程 度等多方面进行综合考虑后决定。笔者以铸件品 种多达 12 个，具有年产 HT250 或 HT300 汽车缸 体缸盖铸件 10 万 t 能力的铸造车间为 研 究 对 象